Miest Joanna J, Adamek Mikolaj, Pionnier Nicolas, Harris Sarah, Matras Marek, Rakus Krzysztof Ł, Irnazarow Ilgiz, Steinhagen Dieter, Hoole Dave
Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG Keele, United Kingdom.
Fish Diseases Research Unit, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine in Hanover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hanover, Germany.
Vet Microbiol. 2015 Mar 23;176(1-2):19-31. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.12.012. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
Whilst Herpesviridae, which infect higher vertebrates, actively influence host immune responses to ensure viral replication, it is mostly unknown if Alloherpesviridae, which infect lower vertebrates, possess similar abilities. An important antiviral response is clearance of infected cells via apoptosis, which in mammals influences the outcome of infection. Here, we utilise common carp infected with CyHV-3 to determine the effect on the expression of genes encoding apoptosis-related proteins (p53, Caspase 9, Apaf-1, IAP, iNOS) in the pronephros, spleen and gills. The influence of CyHV-3 on CCB cells was also studied and compared to SVCV (a rhabdovirus) which induces apoptosis in carp cell lines. Although CyHV-3 induced iNOS expression in vivo, significant induction of the genetic apoptosis pathway was only seen in the pronephros. In vitro CyHV-3 did not induce apoptosis or apoptosis-related expression whilst SVCV did stimulate apoptosis. This suggests that CyHV-3 possesses mechanisms similar to herpesviruses of higher vertebrates to inhibit the antiviral apoptotic process.
虽然感染高等脊椎动物的疱疹病毒科会积极影响宿主免疫反应以确保病毒复制，但对于感染低等脊椎动物的异疱疹病毒科是否具有类似能力，人们大多还不清楚。一种重要的抗病毒反应是通过细胞凋亡清除受感染细胞，这在哺乳动物中会影响感染的结果。在这里，我们利用感染鲤疱疹病毒3型（CyHV-3）的鲤鱼来确定其对前肾、脾脏和鳃中编码凋亡相关蛋白（p53、半胱天冬酶9、凋亡蛋白酶激活因子1、凋亡抑制蛋白、诱导型一氧化氮合酶）的基因表达的影响。我们还研究了CyHV-3对鲤科细胞系（CCB细胞）的影响，并与能在鲤鱼细胞系中诱导凋亡的鲤春病毒血症病毒（SVCV，一种弹状病毒）进行了比较。虽然CyHV-3在体内诱导了诱导型一氧化氮合酶的表达，但仅在前肾中观察到了遗传凋亡途径的显著诱导。在体外，CyHV-3不会诱导细胞凋亡或凋亡相关表达，而SVCV则会刺激细胞凋亡。这表明CyHV-3具有与高等脊椎动物疱疹病毒类似的机制来抑制抗病毒凋亡过程。
