de Sá Miriam Ribeiro Calheiros, Thomazinho Paula de Almeida, Santos Fabiano Luiz, Cavalcanti Nicolette Celani, Ribeiro Carla Trevisan Martins, Negreiros Maria Fernanda Vieira, Vinhaes Marcia Regina
Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil,
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2014 Nov;36(5):324-30.
To review pediatric physical therapy experiences described in the literature and to analyze the production of knowledge on physical therapy in the context of pediatric primary health care (PPHC).
A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA criteria. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane; Brazilian Ministry of Health's CAPES doctoral dissertations database; and System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE). The following search terms were used: ["primary health care" and ("physical therapy" or "physiotherapy") and ("child" or "infant")] and equivalent terms in Portuguese and Spanish, with no restriction on publication year.
Thirteen articles from six countries were analyzed and grouped into three main themes: professional dilemmas (three articles), specific competencies and skills required in a PPHC setting (seven articles), and practice reports (four articles). Professional dilemmas involved expanding the role of physical therapists to encompass community environments and sharing the decision-making process with the family, as well as collaborative work with other health services to identify the needs of children. The competencies and skills mentioned in the literature related to the identification of clinical and sociocultural symptoms that go beyond musculoskeletal conditions, the establishment of early physical therapy diagnoses, prevention of overmedication, and the ability to work as team players. Practice reports addressed stimulation in children with neurological diseases, respiratory treatment, and establishing groups with mothers of children with these conditions.
The small number of studies identified in this review suggests that there is little knowledge regarding the roles of physical therapists in PPHC and possibly regarding the professional abilities required in this setting. Therefore, further studies are required to provide data on the field, along with a continuing education effort on the part of physical therapists.
回顾文献中描述的儿科物理治疗经验，并分析在儿科初级卫生保健（PPHC）背景下物理治疗知识的产生情况。
根据PRISMA标准进行系统综述。检索了以下数据库：MEDLINE、LILACS、SciELO、PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane；巴西卫生部的CAPES博士论文数据库；以及欧洲灰色文献信息系统（SIGLE）。使用了以下检索词：["初级卫生保健" 以及 （"物理治疗" 或 "理疗"） 以及 （"儿童" 或 "婴儿"）] 以及葡萄牙语和西班牙语的等效词，对出版年份无限制。
对来自六个国家的13篇文章进行了分析，并归纳为三个主要主题：专业困境（3篇文章）、PPHC环境中所需的特定能力和技能（7篇文章）以及实践报告（4篇文章）。专业困境包括扩大物理治疗师的角色以涵盖社区环境、与家庭共享决策过程，以及与其他卫生服务机构合作以确定儿童的需求。文献中提到的能力和技能涉及识别超出肌肉骨骼疾病的临床和社会文化症状、建立早期物理治疗诊断、预防用药过量以及团队合作能力。实践报告涉及对神经疾病儿童的刺激、呼吸治疗，以及与患有这些疾病儿童的母亲建立小组。
本综述中确定的研究数量较少，这表明关于物理治疗师在PPHC中的角色以及该环境中可能所需的专业能力的知识很少。因此，需要进一步的研究来提供该领域的数据，同时物理治疗师也需要进行继续教育。
