Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baku Medical Plaza Hospital, Baku, Azerbaijan.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023 Nov;34(11):1134-1142. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2023.211042.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Azerbaijan has not been evaluated before. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease based on the validated reflux questionnaire.
A total of 1026 individuals from 7 regions of Azerbaijan were included in the cross-sectional study conducted via face-to-face administration of the validated Mayo Clinic's gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire. Gastroesophageal reflux disease was diagnosed if an individual had heartburn and/or regurgitation occurring at least once a week.
The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Azerbaijan was 22.7% with significant female predominance (26.1% vs. 15.3%; P < .0001). Gastroesophageal reflux disease was prevalent in 17% of those aged below 35 years; 22.7% of those in the age range 36-55 years, and 38.5% of those who are above 56 years, which, accordingly, indicates that gastroesophageal reflux disease becomes significant as age increased (P < .0001). Male respondents younger than 35 years had much lower rates of gastroesophageal reflux disease than in older groups (5.7% vs. 22.7%, P < .0001), whereas in females older than 55 years, age was a significant factor for increasing gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms (22.6% vs. 50%, P < .001). Reflux was observed in 18.1% of normal-weight respondents (body mass index 18.6-24.9), 25.6% of overweight (body mass index 25-29.9), and 30.4% of obese ( body mass index > 30) individuals (P = .001). Regarding marital status, the prevalence was the lowest in the single subjects' group (17%), close to average in the married group (23.8%), and the highest (41.7%) in divorced/widowed cases (P = .003). Stress significantly affected the gastroesophageal reflux disease distribution, affecting 59.4% of all respondents (P < .004).
Gender, body mass index, increased age, marital status, and stress were precipitating factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Socioeconomic diversity, along with lifestyle/habits, did not play a crucial role in the gastroesophageal reflux disease prevalence distribution.
背景/目的：在阿塞拜疆，胃食管反流病的流行情况尚未得到评估。本研究的目的是通过验证的反流问卷确定胃食管反流病的患病率。
通过面对面管理验证的梅奥诊所胃食管反流病问卷，对来自阿塞拜疆 7 个地区的 1026 人进行了横断面研究。如果个体每周至少出现一次烧心和/或反流，则诊断为胃食管反流病。
阿塞拜疆胃食管反流病的患病率为 22.7%，女性明显居多（26.1%比 15.3%；P<.0001）。35 岁以下人群中胃食管反流病的患病率为 17%；36-55 岁人群为 22.7%，56 岁以上人群为 38.5%，这表明随着年龄的增长，胃食管反流病变得更为重要（P<.0001）。35 岁以下的男性受访者患胃食管反流病的比率明显低于年龄较大的组（5.7%比 22.7%，P<.0001），而 55 岁以上的女性中，年龄是增加胃食管反流病症状的重要因素（22.6%比 50%，P<.001）。体重正常（体重指数 18.6-24.9）的受访者中有 18.1%出现反流，超重（体重指数 25-29.9）的受访者中有 25.6%，肥胖（体重指数>30）的受访者中有 30.4%（P=.001）。就婚姻状况而言，单身组的患病率最低（17%），已婚组接近平均水平（23.8%），离婚/丧偶组最高（41.7%）（P=.003）。压力对胃食管反流病的分布有显著影响，影响了所有受访者的 59.4%（P<.004）。
性别、体重指数、年龄增长、婚姻状况和压力是胃食管反流病的诱发因素。社会经济多样性以及生活方式/习惯并没有在胃食管反流病的患病率分布中起关键作用。
