Hoerger Michael, Chapman Benjamin P, Prigerson Holly G, Fagerlin Angela, Mohile Supriya G, Epstein Ronald M, Lyness Jeffrey M, Duberstein Paul R
Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA, USA, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Soc Psychol Personal Sci. 2014 Aug;5(6):722-729. doi: 10.1177/1948550614524448.
Personality is relatively stable in adulthood but could change in response to life transitions, such as caring for a spouse with a terminal illness. Using a case-control design, spousal caregivers (=31) of patients with terminal lung cancer completed the NEO-FFI twice, 1.5 years apart, before and after the patient's death. A demographically-matched sample of community controls (=93) completed the NEO-FFI on a similar timeframe. Based on research and theory, we hypothesized that bereaved caregivers would experience greater changes than controls in interpersonal facets of extraversion (sociability), agreeableness (prosocial, nonantagonistic), and conscientiousness (dependability). Consistent with hypotheses, bereaved caregivers experienced an increase in interpersonal orientation, becoming more sociable, prosocial, and dependable (Cohen's = .48-.67), though there were no changes in nonantagonism. Changes were not observed in controls (s ≤ .11). These initial findings underscore the need for more research on the effect of life transitions on personality.
人格在成年期相对稳定，但可能会因生活转变而改变，比如照顾身患绝症的配偶。采用病例对照设计，晚期肺癌患者的配偶照料者（n = 31）在患者死亡前后，相隔1.5年两次完成了大五人格量表简式版（NEO-FFI）。一个在人口统计学上匹配的社区对照组样本（n = 93）在类似的时间框架内完成了NEO-FFI。基于研究和理论，我们假设丧偶的照料者在外向性（社交性）、宜人性（亲社会、非对抗性）和尽责性（可靠性）的人际方面会比对照组经历更大的变化。与假设一致，丧偶的照料者在人际取向方面有所增加，变得更加善于社交、亲社会和可靠（科恩d值 = 0.48 - 0.67），尽管在非对抗性方面没有变化。对照组未观察到变化（效应量≤0.11）。这些初步发现强调了需要对生活转变对人格的影响进行更多研究。
