Nouri Sarah S, Rudd Rima E
Harvard School of Public Health, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA.
Harvard School of Public Health, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston, USA.
Patient Educ Couns. 2015 May;98(5):565-71. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.12.002. Epub 2015 Jan 3.
Oral communication between health care providers and patients--the "oral exchange"--greatly impacts patient health outcomes; however, only recently have health literacy inquiries been incorporated into this field. This review examines the intersection between oral and aural literacy and the oral exchange.
A systematic literature search was carried out. Papers published in English since 2003 that specifically examine oral/aural literacy and oral patient-provider communication were included.
The search yielded 999 articles, 12 of which were included in this review. Three tools have been developed to measure either patient or provider oral/aural literacy. There is a discrepancy between patient and provider oral/aural literacy levels, and high literacy demand is associated with reduced patient learning. Low patient oral/aural literacy is associated with poor health outcomes. Two interventions have been developed to reduce literacy demand.
This review demonstrates the critical role of oral and aural literacy in the oral exchange, the importance of reducing literacy demand, and the need for future research in this field.
Recommendations include the use of plain language and teach-back by providers, as well as incorporation of awareness of oral and aural literacy into community programs and health care provider education and training.
医疗服务提供者与患者之间的口头交流——即“口头沟通”——对患者的健康结局有重大影响；然而，直到最近健康素养调查才被纳入该领域。本综述探讨了口头和听觉素养与口头交流之间的交叉点。
进行了系统的文献检索。纳入自2003年以来发表的专门研究口头/听觉素养以及患者与医疗服务提供者之间口头沟通的英文论文。
检索到999篇文章，其中12篇被纳入本综述。已开发出三种工具来测量患者或医疗服务提供者的口头/听觉素养。患者与医疗服务提供者的口头/听觉素养水平存在差异，高素养要求与患者学习减少相关。患者低口头/听觉素养与不良健康结局相关。已开发出两种干预措施来降低素养要求。
本综述证明了口头和听觉素养在口头交流中的关键作用、降低素养要求的重要性以及该领域未来研究的必要性。
建议包括医疗服务提供者使用通俗易懂的语言并采用反馈教学法，以及将口头和听觉素养意识纳入社区项目以及医疗服务提供者的教育与培训中。
