Ikuta P T, Raza S M, Durrani Z, Vasireddy A R, Winnie A P, Masters R W
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago.
Reg Anesth. 1989 Sep-Oct;14(5):229-35.
Several studies have indicated that the addition of sodium bicarbonate to solutions of local anesthetics to raise the pH closer to the pKa shortens the latency, increases the intensity, and prolongs the duration of the resultant neural blockade. However, the addition of too much bicarbonate will cause precipitation, and this may result in the injection of particulate free base along with the solution. The present study was carried out to determine the maximal amount of sodium bicarbonate that can be added to each of the amide local anesthetics without the formation of a precipitate, and, thus, to construct a pH adjustment schedule to simplify the alkalinization of local anesthetics in clinical practice.
多项研究表明，在局部麻醉药溶液中添加碳酸氢钠以使pH值更接近pKa，可缩短潜伏期、增加强度并延长由此产生的神经阻滞持续时间。然而，添加过多碳酸氢钠会导致沉淀，这可能会导致在注射溶液时一同注入颗粒状游离碱。本研究旨在确定可添加到每种酰胺类局部麻醉药中而不形成沉淀的碳酸氢钠最大量，从而构建一个pH调节方案，以简化临床实践中局部麻醉药的碱化过程。
