Fialkowski Marie K, Ettienne Reynolette, Shvetsov Yurii B, Rivera Rebecca L, Van Loan Marta D, Savaiano Dennis A, Boushey Carol J
Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Adolesc Health Med Ther. 2015 Jan 12;6:1-7. doi: 10.2147/AHMT.S67511. eCollection 2015.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents has increased over the past decade. Prevalence rates are disparate among certain racial and ethnic groups. This study sought to longitudinally examine the relationship between overweight status (≥85th percentile according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts) and ethnic group, as well as acculturation (generation and language spoken in the home) in a sample of adolescent females.
Asian (n=160), Hispanic (n=217), and non-Hispanic White (n=304) early adolescent girls participating in the multistate calcium intervention study with complete information on weight, ethnicity, and acculturation were included. Multiple methods of assessing longitudinal relationships (binary logistic regression model, linear regression model, Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis) were used to examine the relationship.
The total proportion of girls overweight at baseline was 36%. When examining by ethnic group, the proportion varied with Hispanic girls having the highest percentage (46%) in comparison to their Asian (23%) and Non-Hispanic White (35%) counterparts. Although the total proportion of overweight was 36% at 18 months, the variation across the ethnic groups remained with the proportion of Hispanic girls becoming overweight (55%) being greater than their Asian (18%) and non-Hispanic White (34%) counterparts. However, regardless of the statistical approach used, there were no significant associations between overweight status and acculturation over time.
These unexpected results warrant further exploration into factors associated with overweight, especially among Hispanic girls, and further investigation of acculturation's role is warranted. Identifying these risk factors will be important for developing targeted obesity prevention initiatives.
在过去十年中，青少年超重和肥胖的患病率有所上升。某些种族和族裔群体的患病率存在差异。本研究旨在纵向研究青少年女性样本中超重状况（根据疾病控制与预防中心生长图表，≥第85百分位数）与种族以及文化适应（代际和在家中使用的语言）之间的关系。
纳入了参与多州钙干预研究的亚洲（n = 160）、西班牙裔（n = 217）和非西班牙裔白人（n = 304）青春期早期女孩，她们拥有关于体重、种族和文化适应的完整信息。使用多种评估纵向关系的方法（二元逻辑回归模型、线性回归模型、Cox比例风险回归分析和Kaplan-Meier生存分析）来研究这种关系。
基线时超重女孩的总比例为36%。按种族分组检查时，比例有所不同，西班牙裔女孩的比例最高（46%），而亚洲（23%）和非西班牙裔白人（35%）女孩的比例较低。尽管18个月时超重的总比例为36%，但各民族之间的差异仍然存在，西班牙裔女孩超重的比例（55%）高于亚洲（18%）和非西班牙裔白人（34%）女孩。然而，无论使用何种统计方法，随着时间的推移，超重状况与文化适应之间均无显著关联。
这些意外结果值得进一步探索与超重相关的因素，尤其是西班牙裔女孩中的因素，并且有必要进一步研究文化适应的作用。识别这些风险因素对于制定有针对性的肥胖预防举措至关重要。
