Schaefer Sara E, Salazar Melissa, Bruhn Christine, Saviano Dennis, Boushey Carol, Van Loan Marta D
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2009 Jun;11(3):188-97. doi: 10.1007/s10903-008-9150-6. Epub 2008 May 28.
Health disparities in chronic disease prevalence exist in the United States among racial/ethnic groups. This study explores relationships between physical, socioeconomic, and cultural characteristics of a multi-ethnic sample of early adolescent females which may assist health educators in designing programs targeting these groups.
Mexican-American and Asian-American sixth grade females (n = 144) were enrolled in Adequate Calcium Today. Physical measurements included weight, height, and BMI. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry determined percent body fat (%BF). Socioeconomic status was determined by enrollment in free or reduced meal program (FRMP). An adapted Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican-Americans-II (ARSMA-II) measured acculturation.
Mexican-Americans had greater height, BMI, %BF, and a greater tendency toward overweight (P < 0.01) than Asian-American. Asian-Americans were more acculturated than MA (P < 0.005), attributed to a lower ethnic orientation scale score. Within Asian-Americans, %BF was higher among FRMP participants than non-participants (P < 0.05).
Income and acculturation may affect tendency toward chronic disease.
在美国，不同种族/族裔群体在慢性病患病率方面存在健康差异。本研究探讨了多民族青少年早期女性样本的身体、社会经济和文化特征之间的关系，这可能有助于健康教育工作者设计针对这些群体的项目。
墨西哥裔美国人和亚裔美国人六年级女性（n = 144）参与了“今日充足钙摄入”项目。身体测量包括体重、身高和体重指数（BMI）。双能X线吸收法测定体脂百分比（%BF）。社会经济地位通过是否参加免费或减价餐计划（FRMP）来确定。采用改编后的墨西哥裔美国人文化适应评定量表-II（ARSMA-II）测量文化适应情况。
墨西哥裔美国人比亚裔美国人身高更高、BMI更高、%BF更高，且超重倾向更大（P < 0.01）。亚裔美国人比墨西哥裔美国人文化适应程度更高（P < 0.005），这归因于较低的民族取向量表得分。在亚裔美国人中，参加FRMP的参与者的%BF高于未参与者（P < 0.05）。
收入和文化适应可能会影响慢性病倾向。
