Mitrou P, Petsiou E, Papakonstantinou E, Maratou E, Lambadiari V, Dimitriadis P, Spanoudi F, Raptis S A, Dimitriadis G
Hellenic National Center for Research, Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications (H.N.D.C.), Athens, Greece.
Second Department of Internal Medicine and Research Institute, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Haidari, Greece.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2015 Jun;69(6):734-9. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.289. Epub 2015 Jan 28.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Previous studies support the glucose-lowering effect of vinegar. However, the effect of vinegar on muscle glucose metabolism and endothelial function has not been studied in humans. This open, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study aims to investigate the effects of vinegar on muscle glucose metabolism, endothelial function and circulating lipid levels in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) using the arteriovenous difference technique.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eight subjects with IGT (4 males, age 46±10 years, body mass index 30±5) were randomised to consume 0.50 mmol vinegar (6% acetic acid) or placebo before a mixed meal. Plasma samples were taken for 300 min from the radial artery and the forearm vein for measurements of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and glycerol. Muscle blood flow was measured with strain gauge plethysmography. Glucose flux was calculated as the arteriovenous difference of glucose multiplied by the blood flow rates.
Vinegar compared with placebo: (1) decreased arterial plasma insulin (Poverall<0.001; P75 min=0.014, β=-42), (2) increased forearm blood flow (Poverall<0.001; P240 min=0.011, β=1.53; P300 min=0.023, β=1.37), (3) increased muscle glucose uptake (Poverall<0.001; P60 min=0.029, β=2.78) and (4) decreased arterial plasma triglycerides (Poverall=0.005; P240 min<0.001, β=-344; P300 min<0.001, β=-373), without changing NEFA and glycerol.
In individuals with IGT, vinegar ingestion before a mixed meal results in an enhancement of muscle blood flow, an improvement of glucose uptake by the forearm muscle and a reduction of postprandial hyperinsulinaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. From this point of view, vinegar may be considered beneficial for improving insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities in the atherogenic prediabetic state.
背景/目的：先前的研究支持醋的降血糖作用。然而，醋对人体肌肉葡萄糖代谢和内皮功能的影响尚未得到研究。本开放性、随机、交叉、安慰剂对照研究旨在使用动静脉差值技术，研究醋对糖耐量受损（IGT）受试者肌肉葡萄糖代谢、内皮功能和循环脂质水平的影响。
受试者/方法：8名IGT受试者（4名男性，年龄46±10岁，体重指数30±5）被随机分组，在混合餐前进食0.50 mmol醋（6%乙酸）或安慰剂。从桡动脉和前臂静脉采集300分钟的血浆样本，用于测量葡萄糖、胰岛素、甘油三酯、非酯化脂肪酸（NEFA）和甘油。用应变片体积描记法测量肌肉血流量。葡萄糖通量计算为葡萄糖的动静脉差值乘以血流速率。
与安慰剂相比，醋：（1）降低动脉血浆胰岛素水平（P总体<0.001；P75分钟=0.014，β=-42），（2）增加前臂血流量（P总体<0.001；P240分钟=0.011，β=1.53；P300分钟=0.023，β=1.37），（3）增加肌肉葡萄糖摄取（P总体<0.001；P60分钟=0.029，β=2.78），（4）降低动脉血浆甘油三酯水平（P总体=0.005；P240分钟<0.001，β=-344；P300分钟<0.001，β=-373），而NEFA和甘油水平未发生变化。
在IGT个体中，混合餐前进食醋可增加肌肉血流量，改善前臂肌肉的葡萄糖摄取，并降低餐后高胰岛素血症和高甘油三酯血症。从这一角度来看，醋可能有助于改善动脉粥样硬化前期糖尿病状态下的胰岛素抵抗和代谢异常。
