Moghe Akshata, Ghare Smita, Lamoreau Bryan, Mohammad Mohammad, Barve Shirish, McClain Craig, Joshi-Barve Swati
*Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202.
*Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 *Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine and Robley Rex VAMC, Louisville, Kentucky 40202.
Toxicol Sci. 2015 Feb;143(2):242-55. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu233.
Acrolein, a highly reactive unsaturated aldehyde, is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant and its potential as a serious environmental health threat is beginning to be recognized. Humans are exposed to acrolein per oral (food and water), respiratory (cigarette smoke, automobile exhaust, and biocide use) and dermal routes, in addition to endogenous generation (metabolism and lipid peroxidation). Acrolein has been suggested to play a role in several disease states including spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and neuro-, hepato-, and nephro-toxicity. On the cellular level, acrolein exposure has diverse toxic effects, including DNA and protein adduction, oxidative stress, mitochondrial disruption, membrane damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and immune dysfunction. This review addresses our current understanding of each pathogenic mechanism of acrolein toxicity, with emphasis on the known and anticipated contribution to clinical disease, and potential therapies.
丙烯醛是一种高反应性不饱和醛，是一种普遍存在的环境污染物，其作为严重环境健康威胁的潜力正开始得到认可。人类通过口服（食物和水）、呼吸道（香烟烟雾、汽车尾气和使用杀生物剂）和皮肤途径接触丙烯醛，此外还会内源性产生（代谢和脂质过氧化）。有人提出丙烯醛在多种疾病状态中起作用，包括脊髓损伤、多发性硬化症、阿尔茨海默病、心血管疾病、糖尿病以及神经、肝脏和肾脏毒性。在细胞水平上，接触丙烯醛具有多种毒性作用，包括DNA和蛋白质加合、氧化应激、线粒体破坏、膜损伤、内质网应激和免疫功能障碍。本综述阐述了我们目前对丙烯醛毒性各致病机制的理解，重点关注其对临床疾病已知和预期的影响以及潜在治疗方法。
