Law Jodi Woan-Fei, Ab Mutalib Nurul-Syakima, Chan Kok-Gan, Lee Learn-Han
Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia ; School of Science, Monash University Malaysia Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), UKM Medical Centre, Bandar Tun Razak Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Front Microbiol. 2015 Jan 12;5:770. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00770. eCollection 2014.
The incidence of foodborne diseases has increased over the years and resulted in major public health problem globally. Foodborne pathogens can be found in various foods and it is important to detect foodborne pathogens to provide safe food supply and to prevent foodborne diseases. The conventional methods used to detect foodborne pathogen are time consuming and laborious. Hence, a variety of methods have been developed for rapid detection of foodborne pathogens as it is required in many food analyses. Rapid detection methods can be categorized into nucleic acid-based, biosensor-based and immunological-based methods. This review emphasizes on the principles and application of recent rapid methods for the detection of foodborne bacterial pathogens. Detection methods included are simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiplex PCR, real-time PCR, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and oligonucleotide DNA microarray which classified as nucleic acid-based methods; optical, electrochemical and mass-based biosensors which classified as biosensor-based methods; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and lateral flow immunoassay which classified as immunological-based methods. In general, rapid detection methods are generally time-efficient, sensitive, specific and labor-saving. The developments of rapid detection methods are vital in prevention and treatment of foodborne diseases.
多年来，食源性疾病的发病率不断上升，已成为全球主要的公共卫生问题。食源性病原体可在各类食品中发现，检测食源性病原体对于提供安全的食品供应以及预防食源性疾病至关重要。用于检测食源性病原体的传统方法既耗时又费力。因此，鉴于许多食品分析的需求，已开发出多种用于快速检测食源性病原体的方法。快速检测方法可分为基于核酸的方法、基于生物传感器的方法和基于免疫的方法。本综述着重介绍了近期用于检测食源细菌性病原体的快速方法的原理及应用。所涵盖的检测方法包括简单聚合酶链反应（PCR）、多重PCR、实时PCR、基于核酸序列的扩增（NASBA）、环介导等温扩增（LAMP）以及寡核苷酸DNA微阵列，这些被归类为基于核酸的方法；光学、电化学和基于质量的生物传感器，这些被归类为基于生物传感器的方法；酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和侧向流动免疫测定，这些被归类为基于免疫的方法。总体而言，快速检测方法通常具有省时、灵敏、特异且省力的特点。快速检测方法的发展对于食源性疾病的预防和治疗至关重要。
