Okoye Augustine Ejike, Ibegbulam Obike Godswill, Onoh Robinson Chukwudi, Ugwu Ngozi Immaculata, Anigbo Chukwudi Simon, Nonyelu Charles Emeka
Department of Haematology and Immunology, Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Department of Haematology and Immunology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria.
J Blood Med. 2015 Jan 19;6:31-6. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S65556. eCollection 2015.
Human T-cell lymphotrophic/leukemia virus (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus implicated in transfusion-transmitted infection.
The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 antibodies among blood donors at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Eastern Nigeria.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on consented participants over 4 months. A total of 300 blood donors were recruited consecutively from the blood bank. The serum of the collected 5 mL of blood obtained from each participant was stored at -20°C until required for analysis. The serum samples were then analyzed for antibodies to HTLV-1 using a one-step incubation double-antigen sandwich ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kit. Participants' demographic characteristics and degree of exposure to the risk factors associated with HTLV-1 infection were captured using a questionnaire. Statistical analysis of results was done using SPSS version 17.
Of the 300 blood donors, 288 (96%) were male, while 12 (4%) were female. The average age of the blood donors was 26.85±8.52 years. The age group with the highest representation among the blood donors were those aged between 21 and 25 years. Only 22.3% of the blood donors were above 30 years. None of the 300 screened blood donors tested positive to HTLV-1 antibodies. Hence, the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 infection among blood donors was 0%. Of the blood donors, 5% had history of previous sexually transmitted disease, while 34.7% used condoms during sexual intercourse.
The seroprevalence obtained in this study cannot statistically support the justification of routine screening of blood donors for HTLV-1 infection. More prospective and multicentered studies are required to determine the infectivity of HTLV-1 in blood donors in Nigeria.
人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒1型（HTLV-1）是一种与输血传播感染相关的逆转录病毒。
本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚东部埃努古尼日利亚大学教学医院献血者中HTLV-1抗体的血清流行率。
对同意参与的参与者进行了为期4个月的横断面研究。从血库连续招募了300名献血者。从每位参与者采集的5毫升血液的血清在-20°C下储存，直至需要进行分析。然后使用一步孵育双抗原夹心ELISA（酶联免疫吸附测定）试剂盒分析血清样本中的HTLV-1抗体。使用问卷收集参与者的人口统计学特征以及与HTLV-1感染相关的危险因素的暴露程度。使用SPSS 17版对结果进行统计分析。
在300名献血者中，288名（96%）为男性，12名（4%）为女性。献血者的平均年龄为26.85±8.52岁。献血者中占比最高的年龄组是21至25岁的人群。只有22.3%的献血者年龄在30岁以上。300名接受筛查的献血者中没有一人HTLV-1抗体检测呈阳性。因此，献血者中HTLV-1感染的血清流行率为0%。在献血者中，5%有既往性传播疾病史，而34.7%在性交时使用避孕套。
本研究获得的血清流行率在统计学上不能支持对献血者进行HTLV-1感染常规筛查的合理性。需要更多的前瞻性和多中心研究来确定HTLV-1在尼日利亚献血者中的传染性。
