Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
CHO&KIM genomics, Main Bldg. #514, SNU Research Park, Seoul National University Mt.4-2, NakSeoungDae, Gwanakgu, Seoul, 151-919, Republic of Korea.
BMC Genet. 2015 Jan 30;16(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s12863-014-0160-1.
In the 1980s, Korean native black pigs from Jeju Island (Jeju black pigs) served as representative sample of Korean native black pigs, and efforts were made to help the species rebound from the brink of extinction, which occurred as a result of the introduction of Western pig breeds. Geographical separation of Jeju Island from the Korean peninsula has allowed Jeju black pigs not only to acquire unique characteristics but also to retain merits of rare Korean native black pigs.
To further analyze the Jeju black pig genome, we performed whole-genome re-sequencing (average read depth of 14×) of 8 Jeju black pig and 6 Korean pigs (which live on the Korean peninsula) to compare and identify putative signatures of positive selection in Jeju black pig, the true and pure Korean native black pigs. The candidate genes potentially under positive selection in Jeju black pig support previous reports of high marbling score, rare occurrence of pale, soft, exudative (PSE) meat, but low growth rate and carcass weight compared to Western breeds.
Several candidate genes potentially under positive selection were involved in fatty acid transport and may have contributed to the unique characteristics of meat quality in JBP. Jeju black pigs can offer a unique opportunity to investigate the true genetic resource of once endangered Korean native black pigs. Further genome-wide analyses of Jeju black pigs on a larger population scale are required in order to define a conservation strategy and improvement of native pig resources.
20 世纪 80 年代，来自济州岛的韩国本土黑猪（济州黑猪）作为韩国本土黑猪的代表性样本，为帮助该物种摆脱因引入西方猪品种而濒临灭绝的困境做出了努力。济州岛与朝鲜半岛的地理隔离不仅使济州黑猪获得了独特的特征，而且保留了珍稀韩国本土黑猪的优点。
为了进一步分析济州黑猪的基因组，我们对 8 头济州黑猪和 6 头韩国猪（生活在朝鲜半岛）进行了全基因组重测序（平均测序深度为 14×），以比较和鉴定济州黑猪（真正和纯正的韩国本土黑猪）中可能存在的正选择特征。济州黑猪中可能受到正选择的候选基因支持了之前关于大理石花纹评分高、罕见出现苍白、松软、渗出（PSE）肉的报告，但与西方品种相比，生长速度和胴体重量较低。
几个可能受到正选择的候选基因参与了脂肪酸的转运，可能对 JBP 独特的肉质特征做出了贡献。济州黑猪为研究曾经濒临灭绝的韩国本土黑猪的真正遗传资源提供了独特的机会。需要对更大规模的济州黑猪进行全基因组分析，以确定保护策略和本土猪资源的改良。
