Schwartz-Mette Rebecca A, Rose Amanda J
Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, 216 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2016 Jan;44(1):87-100. doi: 10.1007/s10802-015-9980-3.
This multi-method, longitudinal study considered the interplay among depressive symptoms, aversive interpersonal behavior, and interpersonal rejection in early and middle adolescents' friendships. In particular, the study examined a newly identified interpersonal process, conversational self-focus (i.e., the tendency to redirect conversations about problems to focus on the self). Traditional interpersonal theories of depression suggest that individuals with depressive symptoms engage in aversive behaviors (such as conversational self-focus) and are rejected by others. However, in the current study, not all adolescents with depressive symptoms engaged in conversational self-focus and were rejected by friends. Instead, conversational self-focus moderated prospective relations of depressive symptoms and later friendship problems such that only adolescents with depressive symptoms who engaged in conversational self-focus were rejected by friends. These findings are consistent with current conceptualizations of the development of psychopathology that highlight heterogeneity among youth who share similar symptoms and the possibility of multifinality of outcomes.
这项多方法纵向研究考察了青少年早期和中期友谊中抑郁症状、厌恶人际行为和人际排斥之间的相互作用。具体而言，该研究检验了一个新发现的人际过程——对话自我关注（即将关于问题的对话重新导向关注自我的倾向）。传统的抑郁人际理论认为，有抑郁症状的个体表现出厌恶行为（如对话自我关注）并被他人排斥。然而，在本研究中，并非所有有抑郁症状的青少年都表现出对话自我关注并被朋友排斥。相反，对话自我关注调节了抑郁症状与后期友谊问题之间的前瞻性关系，即只有那些表现出对话自我关注的有抑郁症状的青少年才会被朋友排斥。这些发现与当前精神病理学发展的概念一致，即强调有相似症状的青少年之间的异质性以及结果多终性的可能性。
