Nayyar Pranav, Kumar Pravin, Nayyar Pallavi Vashisht, Singh Anshdeep
Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Desh Bhagat Dental College and Hospital , Muktsar, India .
Former Principal, Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Seema Dental College and Hospital , Rishikesh, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Dec;8(12):ZE25-9. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/11624.5341. Epub 2014 Dec 5.
Botox has been primarily used in cosmetic treatment for lines and wrinkles on the face, but the botulinum toxin that Botox is derived from has a long history of medically therapeutic uses. For nearly 13 years, until the introduction of Botox Cosmetic in 2002, the only FDA-approved uses of Botox were for crossed eyes (strabismus) and abnormal muscle spasms of the eyelids (blepharospasm). Since then botulinum A, and the seven other forms of the botulinum toxin, have been continuously researched and tested. Botox is a neurotoxin derived from bacterium clostridium botulinm. The toxin inhibits the release of acetylcholine (ACH), a neurotransmitter responsible for the activation of muscle contraction and glandular secretion, and its administration results in reduction of tone in the injected muscle. The use of Botox is a minimally invasive procedure and is showing quite promising results in management of muscle-generated dental diseases like Temporomandibular disorders, bruxism, clenching, masseter hypertrophy and used to treat functional or esthetic dental conditions like deep nasolabial folds, radial lip lines, high lip line and black triangles between teeth.
肉毒杆菌素最初主要用于面部皱纹的美容治疗，但肉毒杆菌素所源自的肉毒杆菌毒素在医学治疗用途方面有着悠久的历史。在2002年肉毒杆菌素美容版推出之前的近13年里，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的肉毒杆菌素的唯一用途是治疗斜视和眼睑异常肌肉痉挛（睑痉挛）。从那时起，A型肉毒杆菌素以及其他七种形式的肉毒杆菌毒素一直在持续进行研究和测试。肉毒杆菌素是一种源自肉毒梭菌的神经毒素。这种毒素会抑制乙酰胆碱（ACH）的释放，乙酰胆碱是一种负责激活肌肉收缩和腺体分泌的神经递质，注射肉毒杆菌素会导致注射部位肌肉张力降低。使用肉毒杆菌素是一种微创手术，在治疗如颞下颌关节紊乱、磨牙症、紧咬牙、咬肌肥大等肌肉源性牙齿疾病以及用于治疗如深鼻唇沟、唇部放射状皱纹、高唇线和牙齿间黑色三角等功能性或美观性牙齿问题方面显示出相当有前景的效果。
