Evaluation of four screening tests for bacteriuria in elderly people.

Four screening tests for bacteriuria were assessed at ward level in 418 elderly subjects and were compared with standard methods of bacterial culture. The tests were visual appearance; microscopy; dipstick for nitrite, leucocyte esterase, protein, and blood; and dipstick for nitrite and organisms. The sensitivity of the tests varied from 85.6% to 98.3%, and the specificity from 18.4% to 82.9%. A combination of visual appearance and dipstick testing for nitrite and leucocyte esterase gave a sensitivity of 96.1% with a specificity of 50.6%, and could have reduced by almost one-third the number of urine samples submitted to the laboratory for processing.