联合快速检测（Multistix）用于筛查尿路感染的成本效益
The cost effectiveness of combined rapid tests (Multistix) in screening for urinary tract infections.
作者信息
Fowlis G A, Waters J, Williams G
机构信息
Department of Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
出版信息
J R Soc Med. 1994 Nov;87(11):681-2. doi: 10.1177/014107689408701116.
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are relatively common in the urology outpatient's department and the renal transplant unit. Clinical diagnosis is imprecise and laboratory methods take time and are costly. Combined rapid tests (Multistix) were used to screen 400 consecutive mid stream specimens of urine: 200 from urology outpatients and 200 from renal transplant patients. All specimens were also tested in the laboratory. The negative predictive value for excluding UTI was excellent (> 98%) but positive predictive value for confirming presence of UTI was only 50%. However, with this simple screening method, up to 75% of urines can be excluded from laboratory analysis. Since there is a 20-fold difference in cost between dipstix and laboratory testing, the potential savings from this simple screening test is considerable.
尿路感染（UTI）在泌尿外科门诊和肾移植病房相对常见。临床诊断不准确，实验室检测方法耗时且成本高。使用联合快速检测（Multistix）对400份连续的中段尿标本进行筛查：200份来自泌尿外科门诊患者，200份来自肾移植患者。所有标本也在实验室进行检测。排除UTI的阴性预测值极佳（>98%），但确认UTI存在的阳性预测值仅为50%。然而，通过这种简单的筛查方法，高达75%的尿液标本可免于实验室分析。由于试纸条检测和实验室检测的成本相差20倍，这种简单筛查试验潜在的节省费用相当可观。
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