Gidwani Suman, Nair Ajith
Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
Glob Heart. 2014 Sep;9(3):297-310. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2014.08.007. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) is a significant global health problem and accounts for a substantial portion of cardiovascular disease in the developing world. Although there have been considerable advances in therapeutics for pulmonary arterial hypertension, over 97% of the disease burden lies within the developing world where there is limited access to health care and pharmaceuticals. The causes of pulmonary arterial hypertension differ between industrialized and developing nations. Infectious diseases-including schistosomiasis human immunodeficiency virus, and rheumatic fever-are common causes of PVD, as are hemoglobinopathies, and untreated congenital heart disease. High altitude and exposure to household air pollutants also contribute to a significant portion of PVD cases. Although diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension requires the use of imaging and invasive hemodynamics, access to equipment may be limited. PVD therapies may be prohibitively expensive and limited to a select few. Prevention is therefore important in limiting the global PVD burden.
肺血管疾病（PVD）是一个重大的全球健康问题，在发展中国家的心血管疾病中占很大比例。尽管肺动脉高压的治疗取得了相当大的进展，但超过97%的疾病负担集中在医疗保健和药品获取有限的发展中国家。工业化国家和发展中国家肺动脉高压的病因有所不同。包括血吸虫病、人类免疫缺陷病毒和风湿热在内的传染病是PVD的常见病因，血红蛋白病和未经治疗的先天性心脏病也是如此。高海拔和接触家庭空气污染物也导致了很大一部分PVD病例。尽管肺动脉高压的诊断需要使用影像学和有创血流动力学检查，但设备的获取可能有限。PVD治疗可能极其昂贵，且仅限于少数几种。因此，预防对于限制全球PVD负担很重要。
