Bugova G, Janickova M, Uhliarova B, Babela R, Jesenak M
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia.
Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Martin, Slovakia.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2018 Oct;38(5):431-438. doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-1573.
Exposure to tobacco smoke is associated with a higher risk of respiratory tract diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of passive smoking on selected characteristics of children with adenoid hypertrophy. Sixty-one children with adenoid hypertrophy were enrolled in the prospective study. Differences in bacterial colonisation of middle nasal meatus and nasopharynx and changes in selected laboratory immune and inflammatory markers according to the tobacco smoke exposure were analysed. Exposure to tobacco smoke was associated with significantly higher colonisation of pathogenic bacteria and polymicrobial growth of pathogenic bacteria (≥ 2 bacteria) in middle nasal meatus compared to non-exposed children (P = 0.045, P = 0.032, respectively). Identification of pathogenic bacteria in the middle nasal meatus did not correlate with isolation of pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx in either group of children. Parameters of humoral immunity in serum, IgA and IgG, were detected at higher concentrations in children exposed to tobacco smoke (P = 0.047, P = 0.031, respectively). Differences in selected parameters of cellular immunity in peripheral blood according to passive smoking were not observed. Tobacco smoke exposure is related to increased colonisation by pathogenic bacteria in middle nasal meatus and elevation of IgA and IgG in peripheral blood, but does not seem to influence markers of cellular immunity parameters in children with adenoid hypertrophy. Avoidance of passive smoking could be recommended as a universal preventive strategy against microbial colonisation of the upper airways and development of various inflammatory diseases in children, e.g. adenoid hypertrophy.
接触烟草烟雾与患呼吸道疾病的风险较高相关。本研究的目的是确定被动吸烟对腺样体肥大儿童某些特征的影响。61名腺样体肥大儿童参与了这项前瞻性研究。分析了根据烟草烟雾暴露情况，中鼻道和鼻咽部细菌定植的差异以及选定的实验室免疫和炎症标志物的变化。与未接触烟草烟雾的儿童相比，接触烟草烟雾与中鼻道中病原菌的定植显著增加以及病原菌的多菌生长（≥2种细菌）相关（分别为P = 0.045，P = 0.032）。两组儿童中，中鼻道病原菌的鉴定与鼻咽部病原菌的分离均无相关性。在接触烟草烟雾的儿童中，血清中的体液免疫参数IgA和IgG检测到的浓度较高（分别为P = 0.047，P = 0.031）。未观察到根据被动吸烟情况外周血中细胞免疫选定参数的差异。接触烟草烟雾与中鼻道病原菌定植增加以及外周血中IgA和IgG升高有关，但似乎不影响腺样体肥大儿童的细胞免疫参数标志物。建议避免被动吸烟作为一种普遍的预防策略，以防止儿童上呼吸道微生物定植和各种炎症性疾病的发生，如腺样体肥大。
