Cohen-Chen Smadar, Crisp Richard J, Halperin Eran
Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2015 Apr;41(4):498-512. doi: 10.1177/0146167215573210. Epub 2015 Feb 24.
The importance of hope in promoting conciliatory attitudes has been asserted in the field of conflict resolution. However, little is known about conditions inducing hope, especially in intractable conflicts, where reference to the outgroup may backfire. In the current research, five studies yielded convergent support for the hypothesis that hope for peace stems from a general perception of the world as changing. In Study 1, coders observed associations between belief in a changing world, hope regarding peace, and support for concessions. Study 2 revealed the hypothesized relations using self-reported measures. Studies 3 and 4 established causality by instilling a perception of the world as changing (vs. unchanging) using narrative and drawing manipulations. Study 5 compared the changing world message with a control condition during conflict escalation. Across studies, although the specific context was not referred to, the belief in a changing world increased support for concessions through hope for peace.
在冲突解决领域，希望对于促进和解态度的重要性已得到认可。然而，关于引发希望的条件，我们却知之甚少，尤其是在棘手的冲突中，提及外群体可能会适得其反。在当前的研究中，五项研究一致支持了这一假设，即对和平的希望源于对世界正在变化的普遍认知。在研究1中，编码人员观察到对世界变化的信念、对和平的希望以及对让步的支持之间的关联。研究2使用自我报告的测量方法揭示了假设的关系。研究3和研究4通过使用叙事和绘画操作，灌输世界正在变化（与不变）的认知来确立因果关系。研究5在冲突升级期间将变化的世界信息与控制条件进行了比较。在所有研究中，尽管没有提及具体背景，但对变化世界的信念通过对和平的希望增加了对让步的支持。
