早产儿出生时的体重与 2 岁时体重和身高的关系。
Relation between birth weight and weight and height at the age of 2 in children born preterm.
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston, Galveston, Texas.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
出版信息
Am J Perinatol. 2015 May;32(6):591-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1544947. Epub 2015 Mar 2.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate associations between fetal growth and weight at 2 years in infants born preterm using a customized approach for birth weight.
STUDY DESIGN
This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter trial that included a 2-year follow-up of children born prematurely. Customized birth weight percentiles were calculated using the Gardosi model for a U.S. population, and the relation between customized percentile and weight and height at 2 years (adjusted for gender using z-score) was determined using regression analysis and by comparing z-scores for children with birth weight <10th versus ≥10th percentile.
RESULTS
Weight z-score at 2 years was significantly lower in the <10th than in the ≥10th percentile group (median [interquartile range, IQR]: -0.66 [-1.58, -0.01] vs. -0.23 [-1.05, 0.55]; p < 0.001), and remained after adjusting for maternal education (p < 0.001). A similar relationship was noted for height z-score between groups (median [IQR]: -0.56 [-1.29, 0.19] vs. -0.24 [-0.99, 0.37]; p < 0.001). Positive relationships between customized birth weight percentile and weight and height at 2 years were noted (p < 0.001 for both), but were not strong (R (2) = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Customized birth weight percentile is a minor determinant of weight at 2 years among children born preterm.
目的
本研究旨在通过一种针对出生体重的定制方法，评估早产儿出生时的胎儿生长与 2 岁时体重之间的关联。
研究设计
这是一项多中心试验的二次分析，该试验包括早产儿 2 年的随访。使用美国人群的 Gardosi 模型计算定制的出生体重百分位数，并使用回归分析和比较出生体重低于第 10 百分位与高于第 10 百分位的儿童的 z 分数，确定定制百分位数与 2 岁时体重和身高的关系（使用 z 分数按性别调整）。
结果
2 岁时体重 z 分数在第<10 百分位组明显低于第≥10 百分位组（中位数[四分位距，IQR]：-0.66[-1.58，-0.01] vs. -0.23[-1.05，0.55]；p<0.001），且在校正母亲教育后仍如此（p<0.001）。两组间身高 z 分数也存在类似的关系（中位数[IQR]：-0.56[-1.29，0.19] vs. -0.24[-0.99，0.37]；p<0.001）。定制出生体重百分位数与 2 岁时体重和身高呈正相关（两者均 p<0.001），但相关性不强（R²分别为 0.04 和 0.02）。
结论
在早产儿中，定制的出生体重百分位数是 2 岁时体重的一个次要决定因素。
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