Ruizendaal Esmée, van Leeuwen Elisabeth, Mens Petra F
KIT Biomedical Research, Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Biomark Med. 2015;9(3):217-39. doi: 10.2217/bmm.14.117.
Placental malaria (PM) causes significant morbidity in mothers and infants. Diagnosis of PM during pregnancy is however problematic due to placental sequestration of parasites. Host biomarkers may therefore be used as a diagnostic method. In this systematic review most studies focused on inflammatory markers. A trend was observed for increased IL-10 and TNF-α in PM positives. These markers are however unspecific, thus a combination of multiple biomarkers involved in different pathophysiological pathways of PM is indicated. Of interest are inflammatory markers (TNF-R2, CXCL-13), markers of lipid metabolism (APO-B), angiogenesis (sFlt-1) and hormones (estradiol). As the majority of published studies tested biomarker levels only at delivery, more longitudinal cohort studies will be necessary to detect biomarkers during pregnancy that can predict PM.
胎盘疟疾（PM）会导致母婴出现严重发病情况。然而，由于寄生虫在胎盘内的隔离，孕期PM的诊断存在问题。因此，宿主生物标志物可作为一种诊断方法。在这项系统评价中，大多数研究聚焦于炎症标志物。观察到PM阳性患者中IL-10和TNF-α升高的趋势。然而，这些标志物缺乏特异性，因此需要将参与PM不同病理生理途径的多种生物标志物结合起来。值得关注的是炎症标志物（TNF-R2、CXCL-13）、脂质代谢标志物（载脂蛋白B）、血管生成标志物（可溶性血管内皮生长因子受体-1）和激素（雌二醇）。由于大多数已发表的研究仅在分娩时检测生物标志物水平，因此需要更多的纵向队列研究来检测孕期能够预测PM的生物标志物。
