Rivas-García Pasiano, Botello-Álvarez José E, Abel Seabra Joaquim E, da Silva Walter Arnaldo C, Estrada-Baltazar Alejandro
a Department of Chemical Engineering , Technological Institute of Celaya , Av. Tecnológico y A. García Cubas S/N, C.P. 38010 , Celaya , Guanajuato , México.
Environ Technol. 2015;36(17):2198-209. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1024758. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
The environmental profile of milk production in Mexico was analysed for three manure management scenarios: fertilization (F), anaerobic digestion (AD) and enhanced anaerobic digestion (EAD). The study used the life cycle assessment (LCA) technique, considering a 'cradle-to-gate' approach. The assessment model was constructed using SimaPro LCA software, and the life cycle impact assessment was performed according to the ReCiPe method. Dairy farms with AD and EAD scenarios were found to exhibit, respectively, 12% and 27% less greenhouse gas emissions, 58% and 31% less terrestrial acidification, and 3% and 18% less freshwater eutrophication than the F scenario. A different trend was observed in the damage to resource availability indicator, as the F scenario presented 6% and 22% less damage than the EAD and AD scenarios, respectively. The magnitude of environmental damage from milk production in the three dairy manure management scenarios, using a general single score indicator, was 0.118, 0.107 and 0.081 Pt/L of milk for the F, AD and EAD scenarios, respectively. These results indicate that manure management systems with anaerobic digestion can improve the environmental profile of each litre of milk produced.
针对三种粪便管理方案，即施肥（F）、厌氧消化（AD）和强化厌氧消化（EAD），对墨西哥牛奶生产的环境概况进行了分析。该研究采用生命周期评估（LCA）技术，考虑“从摇篮到大门”的方法。评估模型使用SimaPro LCA软件构建，生命周期影响评估根据ReCiPe方法进行。结果发现，与F方案相比，采用AD和EAD方案的奶牛场分别减少了12%和27%的温室气体排放、58%和31%的陆地酸化，以及3%和18%的淡水富营养化。在资源可用性损害指标方面观察到不同的趋势，因为F方案分别比EAD和AD方案造成的损害少6%和22%。使用一般单一评分指标，三种奶牛粪便管理方案中牛奶生产造成的环境损害程度，F、AD和EAD方案分别为每升牛奶0.118、0.107和0.081Pt。这些结果表明，采用厌氧消化的粪便管理系统可以改善每升生产牛奶的环境概况。
