Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen.
J Occup Health. 2014;56(6):469-77. doi: 10.1539/joh.14-0118-OA. Epub 2014 Oct 28.
This longitudinal study examined the associations between work stressors, perseverative cognition and subjective and objective sleep quality. We hypothesized work stressors to be associated with (i) poor nocturnal sleep quality and (ii) higher levels of perseverative cognition during a free evening. We further hypothesized (iii) perseverative cognition to be associated with poor nocturnal sleep quality and (iv) the association between work stressors and sleep quality to be mediated by perseverative cognition.
The participants were 24 pilots working for the Dutch Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS). They completed six questionnaires: at the end of three consecutive day shifts and each morning following the shifts. The questionnaires addressed work stressors (workload, distressing shifts and work-related conflicts), subjective sleep quality and perseverative cognition. Participants wore actigraphs to assess sleep onset latency, total sleep time and number of awakenings.
Correlation analysis revealed that (i) distressing shifts were related to delayed sleep onset (r=0.50, p=0.026) and that workload was related to impaired sleep quality (e.g., subjective sleep quality: r=-0.42, p=0.044). Moreover, (ii) distressing shifts were positively related to perseverative cognition (r=0.62, p=0.002), (iii) perseverative cognition delayed sleep onset (r=0.74, p<0.001) and (iv) mediated the association between distressing shifts and sleep onset latency.
Perseverative cognition may be an explanatory mechanism in the association between work stressors and poor sleep.
本纵向研究探讨了工作压力源、固着性认知与主观和客观睡眠质量之间的关系。我们假设工作压力源与（i）夜间睡眠质量差和（ii）自由晚间的固着性认知水平升高有关。我们进一步假设（iii）固着性认知与夜间睡眠质量差有关，以及（iv）工作压力源与睡眠质量之间的关联受固着性认知的影响。
参与者为为荷兰直升机紧急医疗服务（HEMS）工作的 24 名飞行员。他们完成了六项问卷：连续三个日班结束时以及每个班次后的早晨。问卷涉及工作压力源（工作量、紧张班次和与工作相关的冲突）、主观睡眠质量和固着性认知。参与者佩戴活动记录仪以评估入睡潜伏期、总睡眠时间和觉醒次数。
相关分析显示，（i）紧张班次与入睡延迟有关（r=0.50，p=0.026），工作量与睡眠质量受损有关（例如，主观睡眠质量：r=-0.42，p=0.044）。此外，（ii）紧张班次与固着性认知呈正相关（r=0.62，p=0.002），（iii）固着性认知延迟入睡（r=0.74，p<0.001），以及（iv）介导了紧张班次与入睡潜伏期之间的关联。
固着性认知可能是工作压力源与睡眠质量差之间关联的解释机制。
