IRAS, Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Danish Ramazzini Centre, Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Allergy. 2015 Jun;70(6):653-60. doi: 10.1111/all.12605. Epub 2015 Mar 22.
Emerging evidence suggests that prenatal or early-life exposures to environmental contaminants may contribute to an increased risk of asthma and allergies in children. We aimed to the explore associations of prenatal exposures to a large set of environmental chemical contaminants with asthma and eczema in school-age children.
We studied 1024 mother-child pairs from Greenland and Ukraine from the INUENDO birth cohort. Data were collected by means of an interview-based questionnaire when the children were 5-9 years of age. Questions from the ISAAC study were used to define asthma, eczema, and wheeze. We applied principal components analysis (PCA) to sixteen contaminants in maternal serum sampled during pregnancy, including perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), metabolites of diethylhexyl (DEHP) and diisononyl (DiNP) phthalates, PCB-153, and p,p'-DDE. Scores of five principal components (PCs) explaining 70% of the variance were included in multiple logistic regression models.
In a meta-analysis that included both populations, the PC2 score, reflecting exposure to DiNP, was negatively associated with current eczema (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.96). Other associations were not consistent between the two populations. In Ukrainian children, the PC3 score (DEHP) was positively associated with current wheeze (adjusted OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.03-2.37), whereas the PC5 score, dominated by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), was inversely associated with current wheeze (OR 0.64, 0.41-0.99). In Greenlandic children, a negative association of PC4 (organochlorines) with ever eczema (OR 0.78, 0.61-0.99) was found.
We found limited evidence to support a link between prenatal exposure to environmental chemical contaminants and childhood asthma and eczema.
新出现的证据表明，胎儿期或生命早期接触环境污染物可能会增加儿童患哮喘和过敏的风险。我们旨在探索胎儿期暴露于大量环境化学污染物与学龄儿童哮喘和湿疹的关系。
我们对来自格陵兰岛和乌克兰的 1024 对母婴进行了研究，这些母婴均来自 INUENDO 出生队列。当孩子 5-9 岁时，通过基于访谈的问卷收集数据。使用 ISAAC 研究的问题来定义哮喘、湿疹和喘息。我们应用主成分分析（PCA）对孕妇血清中的 16 种污染物进行分析，包括全氟烷基物质（PFASs）、邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯（DEHP）和邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯（DiNP）的代谢物、PCB-153 和 p,p'-DDE。解释 70%方差的五个主成分（PC）得分被纳入多逻辑回归模型。
在包括两个群体的荟萃分析中，反映 DiNP 暴露的 PC2 得分与当前湿疹呈负相关（OR 0.71，95%CI 0.52-0.96）。其他关联在两个群体之间并不一致。在乌克兰儿童中，PC3 得分（DEHP）与当前喘息呈正相关（调整后的 OR 1.56，95%CI 1.03-2.37），而 PC5 得分主要由全氟辛酸（PFOA）组成，与当前喘息呈负相关（OR 0.64，0.41-0.99）。在格陵兰儿童中，PC4（有机氯）与湿疹的关联呈负相关（OR 0.78，0.61-0.99）。
我们发现有限的证据支持胎儿期暴露于环境化学污染物与儿童哮喘和湿疹之间存在关联。
