Komba E V G, Mdegela R H, Msoffe P L M, Nielsen L N, Ingmer H
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.
Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Zoonoses Public Health. 2015 Nov;62(7):557-68. doi: 10.1111/zph.12185. Epub 2015 Mar 6.
The genus Campylobacter comprises members known to be a leading cause of foodborne gastrointestinal illness worldwide. A study was conducted to determine the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter in humans in Morogoro, Eastern Tanzania. Isolation of Campylobacter from stool specimens adopted the Cape Town protocol. Campylobacter isolates were preliminarily identified by conventional phenotypic tests and subsequently confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and polymerase chain reaction. Antimicrobial resistance testing employed the disc diffusion method. A small proportion of the test isolates was also subjected to agar dilution method. Risk factors for human illness were determined in an unmatched case-control study. Thermophilic Campylobacter were isolated from 11.4% of the screened individuals (n = 1195). The agreement between PCR and MALDI-TOF was perfect (κ = 1.0). Symptomatics and young individuals were infected with higher numbers than asymptomatic and adults, respectively. The majority (84.6%) of the isolates were C. jejuni and the remaining were C. coli. Isolates had highest resistance (95.6%) for colistin sulphate and lowest for ciprofloxacin (22.1%). The rates of resistance for other antibiotics (azithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, cephalothin, gentamycin, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, amoxycillin, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol) ranged from 44.1% to 89%. Comparison between disc diffusion and agar dilution methods indicated a good correlation, and the tests were in agreement to each other (κ ≥ 0.75). Human illness was found to be associated with young age and consumption of chicken meat and pre-prepared salad. Our data indicate the presence of antibiotic-resistant thermophilic Campylobacter in humans in the study area. There is a need for routine investigation of the presence of the organisms in gastroenteritis aetiology, including determination of their antibiotic susceptibilities.
弯曲杆菌属的成员是全球食源性胃肠道疾病的主要病因之一。在坦桑尼亚东部的莫罗戈罗开展了一项研究，以确定人类弯曲杆菌的流行病学和抗菌药物耐药性。从粪便标本中分离弯曲杆菌采用了开普敦方案。弯曲杆菌分离株首先通过传统表型试验进行初步鉴定，随后通过基质辅助激光解吸/电离飞行时间（MALDI-TOF）质谱和聚合酶链反应进行确认。抗菌药物耐药性检测采用纸片扩散法。一小部分测试分离株还采用了琼脂稀释法。在一项非配对病例对照研究中确定了人类疾病的危险因素。从11.4%的筛查个体（n = 1195）中分离出嗜热弯曲杆菌。PCR和MALDI-TOF之间的一致性极佳（κ = 1.0）。有症状的个体和年轻人感染的数量分别高于无症状个体和成年人。大多数分离株（84.6%）为空肠弯曲杆菌，其余为大肠弯曲杆菌。分离株对硫酸黏菌素的耐药性最高（95.6%），对环丙沙星的耐药性最低（22.1%）。其他抗生素（阿奇霉素、红霉素、四环素、头孢噻吩、庆大霉素、萘啶酸、氨苄西林、阿莫西林、诺氟沙星、氯霉素）的耐药率在44.1%至89%之间。纸片扩散法和琼脂稀释法之间的比较表明具有良好的相关性，两种测试结果相互一致（κ≥0.75）。发现人类疾病与年轻以及食用鸡肉和预制沙拉有关。我们的数据表明，研究区域的人类中存在具有抗生素耐药性的嗜热弯曲杆菌。有必要对胃肠炎病因中这些微生物的存在进行常规调查，包括确定它们的抗生素敏感性。
