Yeung Jian Sheng, Wong Yiik Diew
Centre for Infrastructure Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue N1-B1b-09, Singapore 639798.
Accid Anal Prev. 2015 May;78:110-117. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.02.024. Epub 2015 Mar 7.
Novice drivers and older drivers are found to have the highest crash risk among all drivers and this has motivated many research studies into various aspects of novice and older drivers. Although age-related declines were expected, studies did not find older drivers to respond slower to hazards. This study examined the hazard detection and response latencies of 14 young novice drivers, 14 young experienced drivers, and 12 older experienced drivers, to abrupt-onset hazards. Older drivers were found to take longer times before fixating on an abrupt-onset road hazard but appeared to have insignificantly faster reaction times after the initial fixation. Hence, the overall response latency did not suggest any age effects. Older drivers also scanned the roadway less as compared to their younger counterparts. No effects of experience were found. The findings provided insight on age-related declines in hazard detection whose effects have been masked by other components of hazard response.
研究发现，新手司机和年长司机在所有司机中碰撞风险最高，这促使许多研究针对新手和年长司机的各个方面展开。尽管预计会出现与年龄相关的机能衰退，但研究并未发现年长司机对危险的反应更慢。本研究考察了14名年轻新手司机、14名年轻有经验的司机和12名年长有经验的司机对突发危险的危险检测和反应潜伏期。结果发现，年长司机在注视突发道路危险之前花费的时间更长，但在最初注视之后反应时间似乎仅略微加快。因此，总体反应潜伏期并未显示出任何年龄效应。与年轻司机相比，年长司机对道路的扫视也更少。未发现经验产生的影响。这些发现为危险检测中与年龄相关的机能衰退提供了见解，其影响已被危险反应的其他组成部分所掩盖。
