Laine M K, Eriksson J G, Kujala U M, Kaprio J, Loo B-M, Sundvall J, Bäckmand H M, Peltonen M, Jula A, Sarna S
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Vantaa Health Center/Network of Academic Health Centers, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016 Mar;26(3):284-90. doi: 10.1111/sms.12442. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
Elite-class athletes have longer life expectancy and lower risk for chronic noncommunicable diseases possibly because of physically active and healthier lifestyle. In this study, we assessed former male Finnish elite-class athletes' (n = 392) and their matched controls' (n = 207) body composition, and risk for the metabolic syndrome (MS) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in later life. Compared with the controls, the former athletes had lower body fat percentage (24.8% vs 26.0%, P = 0.021), lower risk for MS [odds ratio (OR) 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40-0.81], and NAFLD (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.42-0.88). High volume of current leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was associated with lower body fat percentage (P for trend < 0.001). When current volume of LTPA increased 1 MET h/week, the risk of MS and NAFLD decreased (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99 and OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98, respectively). Although a career as an elite-class athlete during young adulthood may help to protect from developing metabolic syndrome, present exercise levels and volume of LTPA seem equally important as well.
精英级运动员可能由于积极的身体活动和更健康的生活方式而拥有更长的预期寿命和更低的慢性非传染性疾病风险。在本研究中，我们评估了芬兰前男性精英级运动员（n = 392）及其匹配对照组（n = 207）的身体成分，以及晚年发生代谢综合征（MS）和非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的风险。与对照组相比，前运动员的体脂百分比更低（24.8% 对 26.0%，P = 0.021），患MS [优势比（OR）0.57，95% 置信区间（CI）0.40 - 0.81] 和NAFLD（OR 0.61，95% CI 0.42 - 0.88）的风险更低。当前大量的休闲时间身体活动（LTPA）与更低的体脂百分比相关（趋势P < 0.001）。当LTPA的当前量每周增加1梅脱小时时，MS和NAFLD的风险降低（分别为OR 0.99，95% CI 0.98 - 0.99和OR 0.97，95% CI 0.96 - 0.98）。尽管年轻时作为精英级运动员的职业生涯可能有助于预防代谢综合征的发生，但目前的运动水平和LTPA量似乎同样重要。
