埃及开罗医院工作人员的职业性乙型肝炎病毒暴露。

Occupational exposure to hepatitis B virus in hospital personnel in Cairo, Egypt.

作者信息

Goldsmith R S, Zakaria S, Zakaria M S, Mabrouk M A, Hanafy A M, el Kaliouby A H, el-Rifae M

机构信息

Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cairo, Egypt.

出版信息

Acta Trop. 1989 Oct;46(5-6):283-90. doi: 10.1016/0001-706x(89)90041-7.

DOI:10.1016/0001-706x(89)90041-7

PMID:2575864

Abstract

To identify hospital occupational categories at potential risk of hepatitis B virus infection, a serologic survey was conducted for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti-HBs) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 765 employees at 4 hospitals in Cairo, Egypt. Overall, 3% HBsAg and 28% anti-HBs seromarkers. Combined HBsAg and anti-HBs frequencies by occupational group were: nonprofessional staff (60%), dentists (32%), graduate nurses (33%), physicians (29%), and student nurses (26%). The main risk factors for hepatitis B infection were frequency of exposure to patients' blood (for physicians, p less than 0.001) and to patients with jaundice (for dentists, p less than 0.01), and years of exposure to patients, as reflected by duration of occupation (for physicians, p less than 0.001) and by age of health care worker. Seropositivity by sex was greater for males (p less than 0.01). Physician specialties with highest risk of infection (29 to 53%) were surgery, infectious diseases, obstetrics-gynecology, and emergency medicine.

摘要

为确定有感染乙型肝炎病毒潜在风险的医院职业类别，在埃及开罗4家医院的765名员工中采用酶联免疫吸附测定法对乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）和抗体（抗-HBs）进行了血清学调查。总体而言，HBsAg血清标志物阳性率为3%，抗-HBs血清标志物阳性率为28%。按职业分组的HBsAg和抗-HBs联合阳性率分别为：非专业人员（60%）、牙医（32%）、毕业护士（33%）、医生（29%）和实习护士（26%）。乙型肝炎感染的主要风险因素包括接触患者血液的频率（医生，p<0.001）和接触黄疸患者的频率（牙医，p<0.01），以及接触患者的年限，这可通过职业年限（医生，p<0.001）和医护人员年龄反映出来。男性的血清阳性率高于女性（p<0.01）。感染风险最高（29%至53%）的医生专业为外科、传染病科、妇产科和急诊医学。