Colavolpe María Belén, Mejía Santiago Jaramillo, Albertó Edgardo
Laboratoty of Mycology and Mushroom Cultivation Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas/Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Universidad Nacional de San Martín Provincia de Buenos Aires Argentina Laboratoty of Mycology and Mushroom Cultivation, Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas/Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Braz J Microbiol. 2015 Mar 4;45(4):1263-70. doi: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000400017. eCollection 2014.
Trichoderma spp is the cause of the green mold disease in mushroom cultivation production. Many disinfection treatments are commonly applied to lignocellulose substrates to prevent contamination. Mushroom growers are usually worried about the contaminations that may occur after these treatments during handling or spawning. The aim of this paper is to estimate the growth of the green mold Trichoderma sp on lignocellulose substrates after different disinfection treatments to know which of them is more effective to avoid contamination during spawning phase. Three different treatments were assayed: sterilization (121 °C), immersion in hot water (60 and 80 °C), and immersion in alkalinized water. Wheat straw, wheat seeds and Eucalyptus or Populus sawdust were used separately as substrates. After the disinfection treatments, bagged substrates were sprayed with 3 mL of suspension of conidia of Trichoderma sp (10(5) conidia/mL) and then separately spawned with Pleurotus ostreatus or Gymnopilus pampeanus. The growth of Trichoderma sp was evaluated based on a qualitative scale. Trichoderma sp could not grow on non-sterilized substrates. Immersions in hot water treatments and immersion in alkalinized water were also unfavorable treatments for its growth. Co- cultivation with mushrooms favored Trichoderma sp growth. Mushroom cultivation disinfection treatments of lignocellulose substrates influence on the growth of Trichoderma sp when contaminations occur during spawning phase. The immersion in hot water at 60 °C for 30 min or in alkalinized water for 36 h, are treatments which better reduced the contaminations with Trichoderma sp during spawning phase for the cultivation of lignicolous species.
木霉属真菌是蘑菇栽培生产中绿色霉菌病的病原菌。许多消毒处理通常应用于木质纤维素基质以防止污染。蘑菇种植者通常担心这些处理后在处理或接种过程中可能发生的污染。本文的目的是评估不同消毒处理后绿色木霉在木质纤维素基质上的生长情况，以了解哪种处理在接种阶段更有效地避免污染。试验了三种不同的处理方法：灭菌（121℃）、热水浸泡（60℃和80℃）和碱性水浸泡。分别使用小麦秸秆、小麦种子以及桉木或杨木锯末作为基质。消毒处理后，将袋装基质喷洒3 mL木霉分生孢子悬浮液（10⁵个分生孢子/mL），然后分别接种平菇或潘帕斯裸盖菇。基于定性尺度评估木霉的生长情况。木霉在未灭菌的基质上无法生长。热水浸泡处理和碱性水浸泡处理对其生长也不利。与蘑菇共培养有利于木霉生长。当在接种阶段发生污染时，木质纤维素基质的蘑菇栽培消毒处理会影响木霉的生长。在60℃热水中浸泡30分钟或在碱性水中浸泡36小时，是在木腐菌栽培接种阶段能更好减少木霉污染的处理方法。
