Shafiee Abbas, Fisk Nicholas M, Hutmacher Dietmar W, Khosrotehrani Kiarash, Patel Jatin
Experimental Dermatology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Experimental Dermatology Group, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia;
Stem Cells Transl Med. 2015 May;4(5):419-23. doi: 10.5966/sctm.2014-0224. Epub 2015 Mar 13.
Since the isolation of fetal stem cell populations from perinatal tissues, such as umbilical cord blood and placenta, interest has been growing in understanding their greater plasticity compared with adult stem cells and exploring their potential in regenerative medicine. The phenomenon of fetal microchimerism (FMC) naturally occurring during pregnancy through the transfer of fetal stem/progenitor cells to maternal blood and tissues has been integral in developing this dogma. Specifically, microchimeric mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitors of fetal origin have now demonstrated a capacity for tissue repair in the maternal host. However, the use of similar fetal stem cells in therapy has been significantly hampered by the availability of clinically relevant cell numbers and/or contamination with cells of maternal origin, particularly when using the chorionic and decidual placenta. In the present prospective review, we highlight the importance of FMC to the field of fetal stem cell biology and issues of maternal contamination from perinatal tissues and discuss specific isolation strategies to overcome these translational obstacles.
自从从围产期组织（如脐带血和胎盘）中分离出胎儿干细胞群以来，人们对于了解它们与成体干细胞相比具有更大的可塑性以及探索它们在再生医学中的潜力的兴趣与日俱增。孕期通过胎儿干/祖细胞转移至母体血液和组织而自然发生的胎儿微嵌合体（FMC）现象，在形成这一理论的过程中起到了不可或缺的作用。具体而言，胎儿来源的微嵌合间充质干细胞和内皮祖细胞现已证明具有在母体宿主体内进行组织修复的能力。然而，临床相关细胞数量的可获得性和/或母体来源细胞的污染，显著阻碍了在治疗中使用类似的胎儿干细胞，尤其是在使用绒毛膜和蜕膜胎盘时。在本前瞻性综述中，我们强调了FMC对胎儿干细胞生物学领域的重要性以及围产期组织中母体污染的问题，并讨论了克服这些转化障碍的具体分离策略。
