你以为你是谁？——进食障碍患者的个性。
Who do you think you are? - Personality in eating disordered patients.
机构信息
Resource Center for Eating Disorders, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stationsgatan 69, 113 64 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Psychology, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden.
出版信息
J Eat Disord. 2015 Mar 11;3:3. doi: 10.1186/s40337-015-0042-6. eCollection 2015.
BACKGROUND
The Five-Factor Model of personality is strongly linked to common mental disorders. Yet the relationship between the lower order personality traits (facets) of the model and eating disorder (ED) features remains unclear. The aim of the study was to explore how patients with non-anorexic ED differ from controls in personality and to examine the ability of personality facets to explain psychopathology.
METHODS
Female patients with non-anorexic ED (N = 208) were assessed on general psychopathology, ED symptoms and personality as measured by the NEO PI-R; and were compared on personality to age-matched female controls (N = 94).
RESULTS
Compared to controls, patients were characterised by experiencing pervasive negative affectivity and vulnerability, with little in the way of positive emotions such as joy, warmth and love. Patients were also significantly less warm and sociable, and exhibited less trust, competence, and self-discipline. Finally, they were less open to feelings, ideas and new experiences, yet more open in their values. Among patients, personality facets explained up to 25% of the variance in ED and general psychopathology.
CONCLUSIONS
ED patients have distinct patterns of personality. Identifying and focusing on personality traits may aid in understanding ED, help therapists enhance the treatment alliance, address underlying problems, and improve outcome.
背景
人格的五因素模型与常见精神障碍密切相关。然而，该模型的低阶人格特质（特质）与饮食障碍（ED）特征之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨非厌食性 ED 患者与对照组在人格方面的差异，并研究人格特质在解释精神病理学方面的能力。
方法
对 208 名女性非厌食性 ED 患者（N=208）进行一般精神病理学、ED 症状和 NEO PI-R 测量的人格评估，并与年龄匹配的女性对照组（N=94）进行人格比较。
结果
与对照组相比，患者表现出普遍的消极情感和脆弱性，几乎没有快乐、温暖和爱的积极情感。患者也明显不那么热情和善于交际，表现出较少的信任、能力和自律。最后，他们对感情、想法和新经验不太开放，但价值观更开放。在患者中，人格特质解释了 ED 和一般精神病理学的 25%的方差。
结论
ED 患者具有独特的人格模式。识别和关注人格特质可能有助于理解 ED，帮助治疗师增强治疗联盟，解决潜在问题，并改善治疗效果。
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