Brisson Julie, Martel Karine, Serres Josette, Sirois Sylvain, Adrien Jean-Louis
Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité and Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières.
Infant Ment Health J. 2014 May-Jun;35(3):285-95. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21442. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
Research on early signs of autism in social interactions often focuses on infants' motor behaviors; few studies have focused on speech characteristics. This study examines infant-directed speech of mothers of infants later diagnosed with autism (LDA; n = 12) or of typically developing infants (TD; n = 11) as well as infants' productions (13 LDA, 13 TD). Since LDA infants appear to behave differently in the first months of life, it can affect the functioning of dyadic interactions, especially the first vocal productions, sensitive to expressiveness and emotions sharing. We assumed that in the first 6 months of life, prosodic characteristics (mean duration, mean pitch, and intonative contour types) will be different in dyads with autism. We extracted infants' and mothers' vocal productions from family home movies and analyzed the mean duration and pitch as well as the pitch contours in interactive episodes. Results show that mothers of LDA infants use relatively shorter productions as compared to mothers talking to TD infants. LDA infants' productions are not different in duration or pitch, but they use less complex modulated productions (i.e., those with more than two melodic modulations) than do TD. Further studies should focus on developmental profiles in the first year, analyzing prosody monthly.
关于社交互动中自闭症早期迹象的研究通常聚焦于婴儿的运动行为；很少有研究关注言语特征。本研究考察了后来被诊断为自闭症的婴儿（LDA；n = 12）或发育正常的婴儿（TD；n = 11）的母亲对婴儿说话的方式，以及婴儿的发声情况（13名LDA婴儿，13名TD婴儿）。由于LDA婴儿在生命的最初几个月表现似乎有所不同，这可能会影响二元互动的功能，尤其是对表达性和情感分享敏感的首次发声。我们假设在生命的前6个月，自闭症二元组中的韵律特征（平均时长、平均音高和语调轮廓类型）会有所不同。我们从家庭录像中提取了婴儿和母亲的发声，并分析了互动情节中的平均时长、音高以及音高轮廓。结果显示，与和TD婴儿交谈的母亲相比，LDA婴儿的母亲发声时长相对较短。LDA婴儿的发声在时长或音高上没有差异，但与TD婴儿相比，他们使用的复杂调制发声（即那些有两个以上旋律调制的发声）较少。进一步的研究应聚焦于第一年的发育情况，逐月分析韵律。
