Frederiksen Pernille, Karsten Mette Marie V, Indahl Aage, Bendix Tom
Copenhagen Center for Back Research (COPE BACK), Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Glostrup University Hospital, Ndr. Ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark.
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Occup Rehabil. 2015 Dec;25(4):707-16. doi: 10.1007/s10926-015-9578-1.
Although back pain (BP) is a very common cause for sickness absence, most people stay at work during BP episodes. Existing knowledge on the factors influencing the decision to stay at work despite pain is limited. The aim of this study was to explore challenges for coping with BP at work and decisive factors for work attendance among workers with high physical work demands.
Three focus groups (n = 20) were conducted using an explorative inductive method. Participants were public-employed manual workers with high physical work demands. All had personal BP experience. Thematic analysis was used for interpretation. Results were matched with the Flags system framework to guide future recommendations.
Workers with BP were challenged by poor physical work conditions and a lack of supervisor support/trust (i.e. lack of adjustment latitude). Organization of workers into teams created close co-worker relationships, which positively affected BP coping. Workers responded to BP by applying helpful individual adjustments to reduce or prevent pain. Traditional ergonomics was considered inconvenient, but nonetheless ideal. When pain was not decisive, the decision to call in sick was mainly governed by workplace factors (i.e. sick absence policies, job strain, and close co-workers relationships) and to a less degree by personal factors.
Factors influencing BP coping at work and the decision to report sick was mainly governed by factors concerning general working conditions. Creating a flexible and inclusive working environment guided by the senior management and overall work environment regulations seems favourable.
尽管背痛是导致病假的常见原因，但大多数人在背痛发作期间仍坚持工作。关于影响人们在疼痛情况下仍决定坚持工作的因素，现有知识有限。本研究旨在探讨体力工作要求高的工人在工作中应对背痛的挑战以及决定出勤的因素。
采用探索性归纳法进行了三个焦点小组讨论（n = 20）。参与者是体力工作要求高的公共部门体力劳动者。所有人都有背痛的个人经历。采用主题分析法进行解读。研究结果与旗帜系统框架相匹配，以指导未来的建议。
背痛的工人面临着恶劣的体力工作条件和缺乏主管支持/信任（即缺乏调整自由度）的挑战。将工人组织成团队建立了密切的同事关系，这对应对背痛产生了积极影响。工人们通过进行有益的个人调整来应对背痛，以减轻或预防疼痛。传统的人体工程学被认为不方便，但仍是理想的。当疼痛不是决定性因素时，请病假的决定主要受工作场所因素（即病假政策、工作压力和密切的同事关系）影响，而受个人因素影响较小。
影响工作中应对背痛和请病假决定的因素主要受一般工作条件因素的制约。在高级管理层和整体工作环境规定的指导下，营造一个灵活包容的工作环境似乎是有利的。
