Han Pengcheng, Trinidad Bradley J, Shi Jiong
Barrow Neurological Institute, Dignity Health St Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
Creighton University School of Medicine-Phoenix Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
ASN Neuro. 2015 Mar 24;7(2). doi: 10.1177/1759091415578050. Print 2015 Mar-Apr.
Calcium is essential for both neurotransmitter release and muscle contraction. Given these important physiological processes, it seems reasonable to assume that hypocalcemia may lead to reduced neuromuscular excitability. Counterintuitively, however, clinical observation has frequently documented hypocalcemia's role in induction of seizures and general excitability processes such as tetany, Chvostek's sign, and bronchospasm. The mechanism of this calcium paradox remains elusive, and very few pathophysiological studies have addressed this conundrum. Nevertheless, several studies primarily addressing other biophysical issues have provided some clues. In this review, we analyze the data of these studies and propose an integrative model to explain this hypocalcemic paradox.
钙对于神经递质释放和肌肉收缩均至关重要。鉴于这些重要的生理过程，似乎有理由推测低钙血症可能导致神经肌肉兴奋性降低。然而，与直觉相反的是，临床观察经常记录到低钙血症在诱发癫痫和诸如手足搐搦、Chvostek征及支气管痉挛等全身兴奋性过程中的作用。这种钙悖论的机制仍然难以捉摸，而且很少有病理生理学研究探讨过这一难题。尽管如此，一些主要针对其他生物物理问题的研究提供了一些线索。在本综述中，我们分析了这些研究的数据，并提出了一个综合模型来解释这种低钙血症悖论。
