Watson David, Naragon-Gainey Kristin
University of Notre Dame.
University at Buffalo The State University of New York.
Clin Psychol Sci. 2014 Jul 1;2(4):422-442. doi: 10.1177/2167702614536162.
We examined symptom-level relations between the and general traits within the five-factor model of personality. Neuroticism correlated strongly with the general distress/negative affectivity symptoms (depressed mood, anxious mood, worry) that are central to these disorders; more moderately with symptoms of social phobia, affective lability, panic, posttraumatic stress disorder, lassitude, checking, and obsessive intrusions; and more modestly with agoraphobia, specific phobia, and other symptoms of depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Extraversion was negatively correlated with symptoms of social anxiety/social phobia and was positively related to scales assessing expansive positive mood and increased social engagement in bipolar disorder. Conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness showed weaker associations and generally added little to the prediction of these symptoms. It is noteworthy, moreover, that our key findings replicated well across (a) self-rated versus (b) interview-based symptom measures. We conclude by discussing the diagnostic and assessment implications of these data.
我们研究了人格五因素模型中 与一般特质之间的症状水平关系。神经质与这些障碍核心的一般痛苦/负性情感症状（情绪低落、焦虑情绪、担忧）密切相关；与社交恐惧症、情感不稳定、惊恐、创伤后应激障碍、倦怠、检查和强迫性侵入症状的相关性中等；与广场恐惧症、特定恐惧症以及抑郁症和强迫症的其他症状的相关性较弱。外向性与社交焦虑/社交恐惧症症状呈负相关，与评估双相情感障碍中扩张性积极情绪和社交参与增加的量表呈正相关。尽责性、宜人性和开放性显示出较弱的关联，并且通常对这些症状的预测作用不大。此外，值得注意的是，我们的关键发现在（a）自评与（b）基于访谈的症状测量中都得到了很好的重复。我们通过讨论这些数据的诊断和评估意义来得出结论。
