Yale University, Department of Psychology, New Haven, CT
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, CO.
Perspect Psychol Sci. 2011 May;6(3):222-33. doi: 10.1177/1745691611406927.
Happiness is generally considered a source of good outcomes. Research has highlighted the ways in which happiness facilitates the pursuit of important goals, contributes to vital social bonds, broadens people's scope of attention, and increases well-being and psychological health. However, is happiness always a good thing? This review suggests that the pursuit and experience of happiness might sometimes lead to negative outcomes. We focus on four questions regarding this purported "dark side" of happiness. First, is there a wrong degree of happiness? Second, is there a wrong time for happiness? Third, are there wrong ways to pursue happiness? Fourth, are there wrong types of happiness? Cumulatively, these lines of research suggest that although happiness is often highly beneficial, it may not be beneficial at every level, in every context, for every reason, and in every variety.
幸福通常被认为是好结果的源泉。研究强调了幸福促进重要目标追求、有助于重要社会关系建立、拓宽人们注意力范围、增加幸福感和心理保健的方式。然而,幸福总是一件好事吗?这篇综述表明,追求和体验幸福有时可能会导致负面结果。我们关注了关于幸福的这种所谓“阴暗面”的四个问题。第一,是否存在幸福程度不当的问题?第二,是否存在幸福时机不当的问题?第三,是否存在追求幸福的错误方式?第四,是否存在错误类型的幸福?这些研究线索表明,尽管幸福通常非常有益,但它可能并非在每个层面、每个情境、每个原因和每个方面都有益。