Li Tian, Li Ruinan, Zhao Lei, Sun Yue, Wang Chuanyue, Bo Qijing
The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders & Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Center of Schizophrenia, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, People's Republic of China.
Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2024 Feb 23;20:363-371. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S451803. eCollection 2024.
This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the personality traits of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) with those of healthy individuals. The goal was to gain insight into the potential impact of personality traits on the development and manifestation of mood disorders.
One hundred seventy-eight patients with mood disorders were analyzed as either MDD or BD, with each group containing euthymic and depressive members: e-MDD, d-MDD, e-BD, and d-BD. Mood status was assessed using the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17). Ninety-five healthy individuals served as controls. Personality traits were assessed with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire.
The scores for neuroticism in the patient groups were comparable, but each group had higher scores compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Each patient group exhibited significantly lower scores for extraversion compared to the control group, with e-MDD, d-MDD, and d-BD showing particularly notable differences (P < 0.001); these groups scored significantly lower than the e-BD ( = 0.041, 0.009, 0.038). In patients with BD, there was an inverted association between extraversion score and HAMD total score ( = 0.010, = -0.27), and a positive association with the YMRS total score ( = 0.022, = 0.24). In the MDD group, there was a positive association between the neuroticism score and HAMD total score ( = 0.021, = 0.25).
Patients with mood disorders are characterized by lower extraversion and higher neuroticism. Level of neuroticism associated with depression severity in MDD. Patients with BD may be more extraverted, but their extraversion can be affected by depressive episodes. Extraversion may be a feature of BD, and may differentiate BD from MDD. Personality traits are related to disease diathesis and state, and shaped by symptom manifestations.
本横断面研究旨在比较重度抑郁症（MDD）和双相情感障碍（BD）患者与健康个体的人格特质。目的是深入了解人格特质对情绪障碍发生和表现的潜在影响。
178例情绪障碍患者被分析为MDD或BD，每组包含心境正常和抑郁的成员：e-MDD、d-MDD、e-BD和d-BD。使用杨氏躁狂评定量表（YMRS）和17项汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表（HAMD-17）评估情绪状态。95名健康个体作为对照。使用艾森克人格问卷评估人格特质。
患者组的神经质得分相当，但与对照组相比，每组得分更高（P<0.001）。与对照组相比，每个患者组的外向性得分均显著更低，e-MDD、d-MDD和d-BD组差异尤为显著（P<0.001）；这些组的得分显著低于e-BD组（=0.041、0.009、0.038）。在BD患者中，外向性得分与HAMD总分呈负相关（=0.010，=-0.27），与YMRS总分呈正相关（=0.022，=0.24）。在MDD组中，神经质得分与HAMD总分呈正相关（=0.021，=0.25）。
情绪障碍患者的特点是外向性较低和神经质较高。MDD中，神经质水平与抑郁严重程度相关。BD患者可能更外向，但他们的外向性会受到抑郁发作的影响。外向性可能是BD的一个特征，且可能有助于区分BD和MDD。人格特质与疾病素质和状态相关，并受症状表现的影响。
