Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Apr;23(4):870-8. doi: 10.1002/oby.21022.
We studied the influence of maternal behavior on weight change from prepregnancy to 7 years postpartum.
We used linear regression to study the independent and combined associations between self-reported behavior in pregnancy (dietary intake, leisure-time exercise, sedentary activity, smoking) and postpartum (breastfeeding duration and smoking) on weights at 6 months, 18 months, and 7 years postpartum.
Women's average 7-year weight gain was 2.07 kg, with 23% gaining >5 kg. Multivariable analyses suggested that women with healthier dietary intake, more leisure-time exercise, less sedentary behavior, and longer duration of breastfeeding on average gained 1.66 kg [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40; 1.91] with a significantly reduced odds [OR 0.56 (95% CI: 0.49; 0.64)] of gaining >5 kg from prepregnancy to 7 years postpartum compared to women with none or one of these behaviors [mean gain 3.03 kg (95% CI: 2.68; 3.39)]. Women who ceased smoking had higher long-term weight gain than nonsmokers, but not smokers.
Adherence to healthy behaviors during pregnancy lowered long-term weight gain considerably by lowering postpartum weight retention and subsequent weight gain. Public health efforts to help mothers achieve healthy behaviors might prevent childbearing-related weight gain.
我们研究了母亲行为对孕前至产后 7 年体重变化的影响。
我们使用线性回归研究了妊娠期间（饮食摄入、休闲时间运动、久坐活动、吸烟）和产后（母乳喂养持续时间和吸烟）自我报告行为对产后 6 个月、18 个月和 7 年时体重的独立和综合关联。
女性平均 7 年体重增加 2.07 公斤，其中 23%的女性体重增加超过 5 公斤。多变量分析表明，与饮食摄入不健康、休闲时间运动较少、久坐行为较多且母乳喂养时间较短的女性相比，饮食摄入健康、休闲时间运动较多、久坐行为较少且母乳喂养时间较长的女性平均体重增加 1.66 公斤（95%置信区间：1.40；1.91），且体重增加超过 5 公斤的可能性显著降低[比值比 0.56（95%置信区间：0.49；0.64）]。与从不或仅有一种行为的女性相比[平均体重增加 3.03 公斤（95%置信区间：2.68；3.39）]。与不吸烟者相比，戒烟的女性体重增加长期增加，但与吸烟者相比则没有。
怀孕期间坚持健康行为可通过降低产后体重保留和随后的体重增加来显著降低长期体重增加。帮助母亲实现健康行为的公共卫生努力可能会预防与生育相关的体重增加。
