Favre Maroussia, Sornette Didier
Department of Management, Technology and Economics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Scheuchzerstrasse 7, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
Department of Management, Technology and Economics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Scheuchzerstrasse 7, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland; Swiss Finance Institute, c/o University of Geneva, 40 blvd. Du Pont d'Arve, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2015 Mar 31;10(3):e0120882. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120882. eCollection 2015.
We introduce a model of dyadic social interactions and establish its correspondence with relational models theory (RMT), a theory of human social relationships. RMT posits four elementary models of relationships governing human interactions, singly or in combination: Communal Sharing, Authority Ranking, Equality Matching, and Market Pricing. To these are added the limiting cases of asocial and null interactions, whereby people do not coordinate with reference to any shared principle. Our model is rooted in the observation that each individual in a dyadic interaction can do either the same thing as the other individual, a different thing or nothing at all. To represent these three possibilities, we consider two individuals that can each act in one out of three ways toward the other: perform a social action X or Y, or alternatively do nothing. We demonstrate that the relationships generated by this model aggregate into six exhaustive and disjoint categories. We propose that four of these categories match the four relational models, while the remaining two correspond to the asocial and null interactions defined in RMT. We generalize our results to the presence of N social actions. We infer that the four relational models form an exhaustive set of all possible dyadic relationships based on social coordination. Hence, we contribute to RMT by offering an answer to the question of why there could exist just four relational models. In addition, we discuss how to use our representation to analyze data sets of dyadic social interactions, and how social actions may be valued and matched by the agents.
我们引入了一个二元社会互动模型，并建立了它与关系模型理论（RMT）的对应关系，RMT是一种关于人类社会关系的理论。RMT假定有四种基本的关系模型，它们单独或组合起来支配着人类互动：共同分享、权威排序、平等匹配和市场定价。此外还增加了非社会互动和零互动的极限情况，即人们不参照任何共享原则进行协调。我们的模型基于这样的观察：在二元互动中，每个个体可以做与另一个个体相同的事情、不同的事情或什么都不做。为了表示这三种可能性，我们考虑两个个体，每个个体对另一个个体可以有三种行为方式中的一种：执行社会行为X或Y，或者什么都不做。我们证明，这个模型产生的关系可以归纳为六个详尽且不相交的类别。我们提出，其中四个类别与四个关系模型相匹配，而其余两个类别对应于RMT中定义的非社会互动和零互动。我们将结果推广到存在N个社会行为的情况。我们推断，这四个关系模型构成了基于社会协调的所有可能二元关系的详尽集合。因此，我们通过回答为什么可能只存在四个关系模型这个问题，为RMT做出了贡献。此外，我们讨论了如何使用我们的表示法来分析二元社会互动的数据集，以及主体如何对社会行为进行估值和匹配。
