Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Eur J Nutr. 2016 Mar;55(2):713-728. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-0891-4. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
Findings from few studies that investigated the relation between dietary behaviors and obesity are inconsistent. We aimed to assess the relation between patterns of dietary habits, identified by latent class analysis (LCA), and obesity in a large sample of Iranian adults.
In a cross-sectional study on 7958 adults, dietary behaviors were assessed in five domains (meal patterns, eating rate, intra-meal fluid intake, meal-to-sleep interval, and fatty foods intake) using a pretested questionnaire. LCA was applied to identify classes of diet-related practices. Anthropometric measures were assessed through the use of a validated self-reported questionnaire. General and abdominal obesity were defined as a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m(2), and a waist circumference ≥ 88 cm for women and ≥ 102 cm for men.
General and abdominal obesity were prevalent in 9.7 and 27.7 % of the study population, respectively. We identified three distinct classes of eating rates (moderate, moderate to slow, and moderate to fast), two classes of meal patterns (regular and irregular), two classes of intra-meal fluid intake (moderate and more intra-meal drinking), three classes of meal-to-sleep interval (short, moderate, and long meal-to-sleep interval), and three classes of fatty food intake (low to moderate, moderate to high, and low intake of fatty foods). After adjustment for potential confounders, individuals with 'irregular meal pattern' were 21, 24, and 22 % more likely to be overweight/obese, abdominally overweight/obese, and abdominally obese, compared with those who had a 'regular meal pattern.' Individuals with 'more intra-meal drinking' had greater odds of overweight (OR 1.37; 1.19-1.458) and obesity (OR 1.51; 1.16-1.97) than those with 'moderate intra-meal drinking.' Moderate-to-high intake of fatty foods was inversely associated with abdominally overweight/obese (OR 0.85; 0.73-1.00) and abdominally obesity (OR 0.80; 0.68-0.96) compared with 'low-to-moderate intake of fatty foods.' No significant association was observed between eating rate, meal-to-sleep interval, and general or abdominal obesity, after controlling for confounders.
Irregular meal pattern and more intra-meal drinking were associated with increased odds of general and abdominal obesity, whereas moderate-to-high intake of fatty foods was related to the decreased odds of central obesity among Iranian adults.
少数研究调查了饮食行为与肥胖之间的关系，这些研究的结果并不一致。我们旨在评估通过潜在类别分析（LCA）确定的饮食习惯模式与伊朗成年人肥胖之间的关系。
在一项对 7958 名成年人的横断面研究中，使用经过预测试的问卷评估了五个领域的饮食行为（进餐模式、进食速度、进餐间液体摄入、进餐与睡眠间隔和脂肪食物摄入）。应用潜在类别分析来确定与饮食相关的行为模式类别。通过使用经过验证的自我报告问卷评估了人体测量学指标。通过 BMI≥30kg/m2 定义总体肥胖和腹部肥胖，通过腰围≥88cm 定义女性腹部肥胖，通过腰围≥102cm 定义男性腹部肥胖。
总体肥胖和腹部肥胖在研究人群中的患病率分别为 9.7%和 27.7%。我们确定了三种不同的进食速度类别（中等、中等至缓慢和中等至快速）、两种进餐模式类别（规律和不规律）、两种进餐间液体摄入类别（中等和更多进餐间液体摄入）、三种进餐与睡眠间隔类别（短、中、长进餐与睡眠间隔）和三种脂肪食物摄入类别（低至中等、中等至高和低脂肪食物摄入）。在调整潜在混杂因素后，与具有“规律进餐模式”的人相比，“不规律进餐模式”的人超重/肥胖、腹部超重/肥胖和腹部肥胖的可能性分别高 21%、24%和 22%。与“中等进餐间液体摄入”的人相比，“更多进餐间液体摄入”的人超重（OR 1.37；1.19-1.458）和肥胖（OR 1.51；1.16-1.97）的可能性更高。中等至高的脂肪食物摄入与腹部超重/肥胖（OR 0.85；0.73-1.00）和腹部肥胖（OR 0.80；0.68-0.96）呈负相关，与“低至中等脂肪食物摄入”相比。在控制混杂因素后，进食速度和进餐与睡眠间隔与总体或腹部肥胖之间没有显著关联。
不规律的进餐模式和更多的进餐间液体摄入与超重和肥胖的几率增加有关，而中等至高的脂肪食物摄入与伊朗成年人的中心性肥胖几率降低有关。
