Wapp Manuela, van de Glind Geurt, van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen Katelijne, Dom Geert, Verspreet Sofie, Carpentier Pieter Jan, Ramos-Quiroga Josep Antoni, Skutle Arvid, Bu Eli-Torlid, Franck Johan, Konstenius Maija, Kaye Sharlene, Demetrovics Zsolt, Barta Csaba, Fatséas Melina, Auriacombe Marc, Johnson Brian, Faraone Stephen V, Levin Frances R, Allsop Steve, Carruthers Susan, Schoevers Robert A, Koeter Maarten W J, van den Brink Wim, Moggi Franz
University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Eur Addict Res. 2015;21(4):188-94. doi: 10.1159/000371724. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) often co-occur, partly because they share risk factors. In this international multicenter study, risk factors for BPD were examined for SUD patients. In total, 1,205 patients were comprehensively examined by standardized interviews and questionnaires on psychiatric diagnosis and risk factors, and it was found that 1,033 (85.7%) had SUDs without BPD (SUD) and 172 (14.3%) had SUD with BPD (SUD + BPD). SUD + BPD patients were significantly younger, more often females and more often diagnosed with comorbid adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. SUD + BPD patients did not differ from SUD patients on most risk factors typical for SUD such as maternal use of drugs during pregnancy or parents having any SUD. However, SUD + BPD patients did have a higher risk of having experienced emotional and physical abuse, neglect, or family violence in childhood compared to SUD patients, suggesting that child abuse and family violence are BPD-specific risk factors in patients with SUDs.
边缘型人格障碍（BPD）与物质使用障碍（SUDs）常常同时出现，部分原因是它们有共同的风险因素。在这项国际多中心研究中，对患有物质使用障碍的患者的边缘型人格障碍风险因素进行了研究。总共1205名患者通过关于精神疾病诊断和风险因素的标准化访谈及问卷进行了全面检查，结果发现，1033名（85.7%）患有物质使用障碍但无边缘型人格障碍（SUD），172名（14.3%）患有物质使用障碍且伴有边缘型人格障碍（SUD + BPD）。患有物质使用障碍且伴有边缘型人格障碍的患者明显更年轻，女性更多，且更常被诊断患有成人共病注意力缺陷/多动障碍。在大多数典型的物质使用障碍风险因素方面，如母亲孕期吸毒或父母患有任何物质使用障碍，患有物质使用障碍且伴有边缘型人格障碍的患者与患有物质使用障碍的患者并无差异。然而，与患有物质使用障碍的患者相比，患有物质使用障碍且伴有边缘型人格障碍的患者在童年期经历情感和身体虐待、忽视或家庭暴力的风险更高，这表明儿童期虐待和家庭暴力是患有物质使用障碍患者中边缘型人格障碍特有的风险因素。
