Richardson E A, Hill S E, Mitchell R, Pearce J, Shortt N K
Centre for Research on Environment, Society and Health (CRESH), School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, UK.
Global Public Health Unit, School of Social and Political Science, University of Edinburgh, EH8 9LD, UK.
Health Place. 2015 May;33:172-80. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.02.014. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
Alcohol consumption may be influenced by the local alcohol retailing environment. This study is the first to examine neighbourhood alcohol outlet availability (on- and off-sales outlets) and alcohol-related health outcomes in Scotland. Alcohol-related hospitalisations and deaths were significantly higher in neighbourhoods with higher outlet densities, and off-sales outlets were more important than on-sales outlets. The relationships held for most age groups, including those under the legal minimum drinking age, although were not significant for the youngest legal drinkers (18-25 years). Alcohol-related deaths and hospitalisations were higher in more income-deprived neighbourhoods, and the gradient in deaths (but not hospitalisations) was marginally larger in neighbourhoods with higher off-sales outlet densities. Efforts to reduce alcohol-related harm should consider the potentially important role of the alcohol retail environment.
饮酒行为可能会受到当地酒精零售环境的影响。本研究首次对苏格兰邻里地区的酒精销售点（包括酒类专卖店和非酒类专卖店）的可及性以及与酒精相关的健康结果进行了调查。在销售点密度较高的社区，与酒精相关的住院率和死亡率显著更高，而且非酒类专卖店比酒类专卖店的影响更大。这些关系在大多数年龄组中都存在，包括那些未达到法定最低饮酒年龄的人群，不过对于最年轻的合法饮酒者（18至25岁）而言并不显著。在收入较为匮乏的社区，与酒精相关的死亡和住院情况更为普遍，而且在非酒类销售点密度较高的社区，死亡情况（而非住院情况）的梯度略大。减少与酒精相关危害的努力应考虑到酒精零售环境可能发挥的重要作用。
