骆驼蓬在传统伊朗医学和现代植物疗法中的药用特性：综述

Medicinal properties of Peganum harmala L. in traditional Iranian medicine and modern phytotherapy: a review.

作者信息

Mina Cheraghi Niroumand, Farzaei Mohammad Hosein, Gholamreza Amin

出版信息

J Tradit Chin Med. 2015 Feb;35(1):104-9. doi: 10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30016-9.

DOI:10.1016/s0254-6272(15)30016-9

PMID:25842736

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To review the pharmacological activities of Peganum harmala L. (P. harmala, Nitrariaceae) in traditional Iranian medicine (TIM) and modern phytotherapy.

METHODS

Opinions of TIM and modern phytotherapy about safety and acceptable dosage of this plant are discussed. Various medical properties of P. harmala were collected from important TIM references and added to scientific reports derived from modern medical databases like PubMed, Scirus, ScienceDirect and Scopus.

RESULTS

The main medicinal part of the plant is the seed. In TIM resources, this plant possesses various Pharmacological activities such as carminative, galactagogue, diuretic, emmenagogue, antithrombotic and analgesic. In modern phytotherapy, P. harmala demonstrated numerous medicinal effects including cardiovascular, neurologic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antineoplasmic, antiproliferative, gastrointestinal and antidiabetic effects. Adverse events such as neuro-sensorial symptoms, visual hallucination, bradycardia, hypotension, agitation, tremors, ataxia, abortion and vomiting cause people to use this plant cautiously. P. harmala is contraindicated during pregnancy, due to its abortive and mutagenic activities. Because of increasing the expression of CYP1A2, 2C19, and 3A4 and inhibition of monoamine oxidase, the pharmacokinetic parameters of drugs which are mainly metabolized by these enzymes may be affected by P. harmala.

CONCLUSION

The medicinal properties declared for this plant in TIM are compared with those showed in modern phytotherapy. Some of the TIM properties were confirmed in modern phytotherapy like emetic and analgesic activities and some have not been evaluated in modern phytotherapy such as its therapeutic effects on paralysis, epilepsy and numbness. Finally, the current review provides the evidence for other researchers to use TIM properties of P. harmala as an efficacious natural drug. Further preclinical and clinical studies for adequate evaluating safety and therapeutic efficacy are recommended.

摘要

目的

综述骆驼蓬（蒺藜科）在传统伊朗医学和现代植物疗法中的药理活性。

方法

讨论传统伊朗医学和现代植物疗法对该植物安全性和可接受剂量的观点。从重要的传统伊朗医学参考文献中收集骆驼蓬的各种医学特性，并添加到从PubMed、Scirus、ScienceDirect和Scopus等现代医学数据库获得的科学报告中。

结果

该植物的主要药用部位是种子。在传统伊朗医学资源中，这种植物具有多种药理活性，如驱风、通乳、利尿、通经、抗血栓和止痛。在现代植物疗法中，骆驼蓬表现出多种药用效果，包括心血管、神经、抗菌、杀虫、抗肿瘤、抗增殖、胃肠道和抗糖尿病作用。神经感觉症状、视幻觉、心动过缓、低血压、激动、震颤、共济失调、流产和呕吐等不良事件使人们谨慎使用这种植物。由于其堕胎和诱变活性，骆驼蓬在怀孕期间禁用。由于CYP1A2、2C19和3A4表达增加以及单胺氧化酶受到抑制，主要由这些酶代谢的药物的药代动力学参数可能会受到骆驼蓬的影响。

结论

将传统伊朗医学中宣称的该植物药用特性与现代植物疗法中显示的特性进行比较。传统伊朗医学中的一些特性在现代植物疗法中得到了证实，如催吐和止痛活性，而一些特性在现代植物疗法中尚未得到评估，如对瘫痪、癫痫和麻木的治疗效果。最后，本综述为其他研究人员将骆驼蓬的传统伊朗医学特性用作有效的天然药物提供了证据。建议进行进一步的临床前和临床研究，以充分评估安全性和治疗效果。