Tonkin Matthew
Birmingham City University, UK
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2016 Sep;60(12):1376-405. doi: 10.1177/0306624X15578834. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
Significant time and resources are devoted to the monitoring of social climate in secure settings. However, if these efforts are to help (rather than hinder) attempts to improve the functioning of such units, the monitoring of social climate must be based on sound psychometric methods. The aim of this review was to determine what questionnaires exist to measure the social climate in secure settings and what evidence exists regarding their psychometric properties. Twelve questionnaire-based measures of social climate were identified. The Essen Climate Evaluation Schema has received the most consistent empirical support, but this questionnaire does not provide as much of an in-depth, detailed insight into social climate as that provided by other social climate questionnaires. Although more extensive measures of climate exist, they have not yet received sufficient validation to justify their routine use in practice. Nevertheless, there is growing evidence that some questionnaire-based measures can provide a reliable and valid assessment of the social climate in secure settings, which has important clinical and theoretical implications.
大量的时间和资源被投入到安全环境下的社会氛围监测中。然而，如果这些努力想要有助于（而非阻碍）改善此类机构运作的尝试，那么社会氛围监测必须基于可靠的心理测量方法。本综述的目的是确定有哪些问卷可用于测量安全环境下的社会氛围，以及关于这些问卷心理测量特性的现有证据。共识别出12种基于问卷的社会氛围测量方法。埃森气候评估量表得到了最一致的实证支持，但与其他社会氛围问卷相比，该问卷对社会氛围的深入洞察程度较低。虽然存在更广泛的氛围测量方法，但它们尚未得到充分验证，不足以证明其在实践中的常规使用合理性。尽管如此，越来越多的证据表明，一些基于问卷的测量方法能够对安全环境下的社会氛围进行可靠且有效的评估，这具有重要的临床和理论意义。
