Lawson Elizabeth A, Marengi Dean A, DeSanti Rebecca L, Holmes Tara M, Schoenfeld David A, Tolley Christiane J
Neuroendocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 May;23(5):950-6. doi: 10.1002/oby.21069. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
Preclinical studies indicate that oxytocin is anorexigenic and has beneficial metabolic effects. Oxytocin effects on nutrition and metabolism in humans are not well defined. It was hypothesized that oxytocin would reduce caloric intake and appetite and alter levels of appetite-regulating hormones. Metabolic effects of oxytocin were also explored.
A randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study of single-dose intranasal oxytocin (24 IU) in 25 fasting healthy men was performed. After oxytocin/placebo, subjects selected breakfast from a menu and were given double portions. Caloric content of food consumed was measured. Visual analog scales were used to assess appetite, and blood was drawn for appetite-regulating hormones, insulin, and glucose before and after oxytocin/placebo. Indirect calorimetry assessed resting energy expenditure (REE) and substrate utilization.
Oxytocin reduced caloric intake with a preferential effect on fat intake and increased levels of the anorexigenic hormone cholecystokinin without affecting appetite or other appetite-regulating hormones. There was no effect of oxytocin on REE. Oxytocin resulted in a shift from carbohydrate to fat utilization and improved insulin sensitivity.
Intranasal oxytocin reduces caloric intake and has beneficial metabolic effects in men without concerning side effects. The efficacy and safety of sustained oxytocin administration in the treatment of obesity warrants investigation.
临床前研究表明，催产素具有抑制食欲的作用，并对代谢有有益影响。催产素对人类营养和代谢的影响尚不明确。研究假设催产素会减少热量摄入和食欲，并改变食欲调节激素的水平。同时还探讨了催产素的代谢作用。
对25名空腹健康男性进行了一项单剂量鼻内注射催产素（24国际单位）的随机、安慰剂对照交叉研究。在注射催产素/安慰剂后，受试者从菜单中选择早餐，并给予双份食物。测量所摄入食物的热量含量。使用视觉模拟量表评估食欲，并在注射催产素/安慰剂前后采集血液，检测食欲调节激素、胰岛素和葡萄糖水平。通过间接测热法评估静息能量消耗（REE）和底物利用情况。
催产素减少了热量摄入，对脂肪摄入有优先作用，并增加了厌食激素胆囊收缩素的水平，而不影响食欲或其他食欲调节激素。催产素对REE没有影响。催产素导致从碳水化合物利用向脂肪利用的转变，并改善了胰岛素敏感性。
鼻内注射催产素可减少热量摄入，并对男性有有益的代谢作用，且无不良副作用。持续注射催产素治疗肥胖症的疗效和安全性值得研究。
