Eigner Bernadett
ELTE BGGYK Atipikus Viselkedes es Kognicio Gyogypedagogiai Intezet, Budapest, Hungary, E-mail:
Psychiatr Hung. 2015;30(1):35-49.
The early mother-child relationship is taking shape and evolving during the series of their everyday interactions. The main aim of the research that focus on the risks at the beginning, and the future mother infant interactions are factors that have influence on the quality of the early mother-child relationship, and the exploration of the jeopardy and vulnerability of the early relationship disorders.
I examined fifty mothers who have their first child. I researched the motherly, child- and interactional factors in the days right after the birth and then when the kids were one month old, and again at the age of four and a half month. I assessed the parental stress by the longer version of the PSI (Parenting Stress Index), and the mother anxiety with the help of the STAI-Y (State and feature anxiety value Index), and the features of the depression were tested by the EPDS scale, the Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale. PBQ, the Postpartum Bonding Questionnare--reveals the quality of the motherly emotions and behaviour focusing on the kid. The observation of interactions when the child was four and a half month old happened while a 'face-to-face' free play, and the analyses of that were assessed by an own code system.
We found correlations between input risk factors and features of motherly interactional styles. The indexes of the after birth depression (depression right after the birth), and the anxiety also showed correlation to the indexes of the attachment of the mother to her child and the parental stress. The correlations among the playfulness, the risk kotodefactors and the quality of the interactions are obvious, that we found. The interactional style of the mother and the interactional strategies of the baby showed correlated patterns too as we examined those.
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: We found that pre-history of pregnancy and perinatal events have predictive value on the relationship of the four and a half month old baby and his/her mother. These can add important facts to the prevention and early-prevention of the early mother-child interactions, and other factors in cognition of the potential strengths and weaknesses in order to prevent the future negative outputs (attachment, cognitive and social-emotional development, emotional and behavioural disorders).
早期母婴关系在一系列日常互动中逐渐形成并发展。该研究的主要目的是关注初期的风险，以及未来母婴互动是影响早期母婴关系质量的因素，并探索早期关系障碍的危险和易损性。
我对五十位初为人母者进行了研究。我调查了产后即刻、孩子1个月大时以及4个半月大时的母亲、孩子及互动因素。我通过较长版本的育儿压力指数（PSI）评估父母压力，借助状态与特质焦虑值指数（STAI-Y）评估母亲焦虑，并通过爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）测试抑郁特征。产后联结问卷（PBQ）揭示了关注孩子的母亲情感与行为质量。孩子4个半月大时的互动观察在“面对面”自由玩耍时进行，并通过一个自编编码系统对其进行分析评估。
我们发现输入性风险因素与母亲互动方式特征之间存在关联。产后抑郁指数（产后即刻抑郁）以及焦虑指数也与母亲对孩子的依恋指数和父母压力存在关联。我们发现，嬉戏性、风险共变因素与互动质量之间的关联十分明显。我们研究发现，母亲的互动方式与婴儿的互动策略也呈现出相关模式。
结论/启示：我们发现，怀孕史和围产期事件对4个半月大婴儿与其母亲之间的关系具有预测价值。这些可为早期母婴互动的预防和早期预防以及认识潜在优势和劣势的其他因素提供重要依据，以防止未来出现负面结果（依恋、认知和社会情感发展、情绪和行为障碍）。
