Yamamoto Ryuichiro, Kaneita Yoshitaka, Osaki Yoneatsu, Kanda Hideyuki, Suzuki Kenji, Higuchi Susumu, Ikeda Maki, Kondo Shuji, Munezawa Takeshi, Ohida Takashi
Division of Clinical Psychology, Health Care and Special Support, Graduate School of Education, Joetsu University of Education, Niigata, Japan.
Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Sep;30(9):1354-60. doi: 10.1111/jgh.12974.
No nationally representative survey of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) among adolescents has ever been performed in Japan. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the prevalence of IBS among Japanese adolescents and the factors associated with it.
The items related to the diagnostic criteria for IBS based on the Rome III Diagnostic Criteria for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders were included in a cross-sectional nationwide survey of "alcohol consumption and smoking habits among junior and senior high school students." The participating schools were sampled from among all junior and senior high schools in Japan using the cluster-sampling method, and self-administered questionnaires were sent to the selected schools by mail. Among 99 416 questionnaires that were collected, data from 98 411 valid responses were analyzed.
The results showed that the prevalence of IBS was 18.6%. Although no sex difference was observed in the overall prevalence of IBS, the prevalence of diarrhea-predominant IBS was higher among boys than among girls, and the prevalence of constipation-predominant IBS was higher among girls than among boys. The prevalence of IBS increased with progression of the school grade, and there were the significant relationships between IBS and sleep-phase delay and insomnia symptoms. IBS was also significantly associated with poor mental health status.
These results indicate that IBS is common among junior and senior high school students, and associated with lifestyle and mental health.
日本从未开展过针对青少年肠易激综合征（IBS）的全国代表性调查。在本研究中，我们旨在明确日本青少年IBS的患病率及其相关因素。
基于《罗马III功能性胃肠病诊断标准》中IBS诊断标准的相关条目，被纳入一项关于“初中生和高中生饮酒及吸烟习惯”的全国性横断面调查。参与调查的学校采用整群抽样方法从日本所有初中和高中抽取，自行填写的问卷通过邮寄方式发送至选定学校。在收集的99416份问卷中，对98411份有效回复的数据进行了分析。
结果显示，IBS的患病率为18.6%。尽管IBS的总体患病率未观察到性别差异，但以腹泻为主的IBS患病率男孩高于女孩，以便秘为主的IBS患病率女孩高于男孩。IBS的患病率随年级升高而增加，且IBS与睡眠相位延迟和失眠症状之间存在显著关系。IBS还与心理健康状况不佳显著相关。
这些结果表明，IBS在初中生和高中生中很常见，且与生活方式和心理健康有关。
