Duscher Georg Gerhard, Wetscher Monika, Baumgartner Raphaela, Walder Gernot
Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.
Institute of Parasitology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Veterinaerplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2015 Jun;6(4):489-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.03.018. Epub 2015 Apr 11.
A large majority of Austrian citizens are aware of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), consequently reflected by a high vaccination rate of 85%. In return, risk assessment and disease mapping on human cases might be hampered due to high and inhomogeneous vaccination rates and travel habitats of humans. The roe deer was used to obtain a starting point for the integral view on the actual risk of TBE in Austria. The roe deer exhibits several attributes which makes it suitable as an indicator species: the roe deer has a restricted home range and it is known to be a heavy tick carrier. Furthermore it sero-converts after infection with TBE, but no outbreak occurs. Sera from 945 roe deer were obtained from all over Austria and screened with IFAT for the antibodies against TBE. Twenty-two positive samples, 2.4%, and 17 samples at the borderline titre of 1:16 were identified. The majority of the positive samples, 70.6%, were located in known TBE areas based on human cases. Further research is needed to confirm or reject new endemic foci of TBE transmission.
绝大多数奥地利公民都知晓蜱传脑炎（TBE），这一点从85%的高疫苗接种率中得到了体现。反过来，由于疫苗接种率高且不均衡以及人类的旅行栖息地，人类病例的风险评估和疾病分布图绘制可能会受到阻碍。狍被用来作为对奥地利TBE实际风险进行整体评估的起点。狍具有几个使其适合作为指示物种的特性：狍的活动范围有限，并且已知是蜱虫的大量携带者。此外，它在感染TBE后会发生血清转化，但不会爆发疫情。从奥地利各地采集了945只狍的血清，并用间接荧光抗体试验（IFAT）检测了抗TBE抗体。共鉴定出22份阳性样本（2.4%）以及17份临界滴度为1:16的样本。基于人类病例，大部分阳性样本（70.6%）位于已知的TBE区域。需要进一步研究来确认或排除TBE传播的新的地方性疫源地。
