Mintem Gicele Costa, Gigante Denise Petrucci, Horta Bernardo Lessa
Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil Marechal Deodoro, 1160, 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Caixa postal: 354, Brazil.
BMC Public Health. 2015 Mar 6;15:222. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1579-7.
The goal of this study was to identify the effect of the change in body mass index (BMI) from childhood to adulthood on body image satisfaction at 23 years of age in members of the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort in Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
The study used data from the 1986 and 2004-5 follow-up studies. Body shape satisfaction was evaluated using the Stunkard scale. Body shape dissatisfaction was defined as the difference between the figures chosen for the current and ideal body size. BMI z-score changes were calculated as the difference between z-score values at 4 and 23 years of age, using the population internal z-score as standard. The analysis was stratified by sex, and multinomial logistic regression was used in crude and adjusted analyses.
A total of 1963 men and 1739 women were analyzed. The mean age of the participants in 2004-5 was 22.7 years. Of the participants exhibiting increased BMI z-scores, 17% perceived themselves as thinner than ideal, whereas 48% perceived themselves as fatter than ideal. The prevalence of dissatisfaction was higher in women because they perceived themselves as fatter than ideal on the three categories of z-score change (≥ + 0.5 sd; -0.49 to + 0.49 sd and ≤ -0.5 sd); 81% of women exhibiting an increased BMI z-score reported dissatisfaction. The analysis adjusted for confounding factors revealed that women with increased BMI z-scores were less prone to feel thinner than ideal. Additionally, the increased risk of dissatisfaction due to perceiving oneself as fatter than ideal was similar between men and women (RRR = 3.52 95% CI: 2.17 to 4.56 and RRR = 4.08 95% CI: 3.00 to 5.56, respectively) using -0.49 to +0.49 sd as the reference category.
Individuals exhibiting increased BMI z-scores between 4 and 23 years of age reported higher risks of body dissatisfaction at 23 years of age. This finding is important because body dissatisfaction can cause psychological, social, self-esteem problems, and well-being.
本研究旨在确定巴西南里奥格兰德州佩洛塔斯1982年出生队列成员从童年到成年体重指数（BMI）的变化对23岁时身体意象满意度的影响。
本研究使用了1986年以及2004 - 2005年随访研究的数据。使用斯图卡德量表评估身体形状满意度。身体形状不满意被定义为当前身体尺寸与理想身体尺寸所选图形之间的差异。BMI z评分变化以4岁和23岁时z评分值的差异计算，以总体内部z评分为标准。分析按性别分层，在粗分析和校正分析中使用多项逻辑回归。
共分析了1963名男性和1739名女性。2004 - 2005年参与者的平均年龄为22.7岁。在BMI z评分增加的参与者中，17%认为自己比理想体重瘦，而48%认为自己比理想体重胖。女性中不满意的患病率更高，因为她们在z评分变化的三类情况（≥ +0.5标准差；-0.49至+0.49标准差和≤ -0.5标准差）中都认为自己比理想体重胖；81%的BMI z评分增加的女性报告不满意。校正混杂因素后的分析显示，BMI z评分增加的女性不太容易感觉比理想体重瘦。此外，以-0.49至+0.49标准差为参照类别，男性和女性因认为自己比理想体重胖而导致不满意的风险增加相似（相对危险度分别为3.52，95%置信区间：2.17至4.56和4.08，95%置信区间：3.00至5.56）。
4至23岁期间BMI z评分增加的个体在23岁时报告身体不满意的风险更高。这一发现很重要，因为身体不满意会导致心理、社会、自尊问题以及幸福感问题。
